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Desalinated Water Costs from Steam, Combined, and Nuclear Cogeneration Plants Using Power and Heat Allocation Methods

Author

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  • Obida Zeitoun

    (Mechanical Engineering Department, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
    K.A.CARE Energy Research and Innovation Center in Riyadh, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia)

  • Jamel Orfi

    (Mechanical Engineering Department, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
    K.A.CARE Energy Research and Innovation Center in Riyadh, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia)

  • Salah Ud-Din Khan

    (K.A.CARE Energy Research and Innovation Center in Riyadh, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
    Sustainable Energy Center Technologies, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia)

  • Hany Al-Ansary

    (Mechanical Engineering Department, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
    K.A.CARE Energy Research and Innovation Center in Riyadh, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia)

Abstract

This work presents a detailed thermo-economic analysis of unit water costs from dual-purpose cogeneration plants. The power levelized cost was first calculated for stand-alone steam, nuclear, and combined-cycle power plants. The cost of energy needed to operate the desalination systems connected to power plants was evaluated based on two different approaches: power- and heat-allocated methods. Numerical models based on the heat and mass balances of the power and desalination plants’ components were developed and validated. Comprehensive and updated data generated using Desaldata libraries were correlated to estimate the capital, labor, overhead, and maintenance costs for different desalination systems. The levelized water cost produced by multi-effect distillation, multi-effect distillation with vapor compression, multi-stage flash, and reverse osmosis systems connected to different power plants was estimated. The impact of various controlling parameters, including the price of natural gas, nuclear power plant installation cost, and the desalination capacity on water cost, was investigated. For all simulated cases, the levelized water cost evaluated using the heat-allocated method was found to be lower by 25–30% compared to that estimated using the power-allocated method. The cost of water produced using reverse osmosis remains below that produced by other desalination technologies. However, using the heat-allocated method to estimate the levelized water cost narrows the gap between the costs of water produced by multi-effect distillation and that produced by seawater reverse osmosis. The results also show that the use of the multi-effect distillation process in a cogeneration configuration rather than multi-effect distillation with vapor compression can result in a lower water cost. The profit analysis shows slight differences between the profit of a power plant connected to a reverse osmosis system and the profit of a power plant connected to a plain multi-effect distillation system.

Suggested Citation

  • Obida Zeitoun & Jamel Orfi & Salah Ud-Din Khan & Hany Al-Ansary, 2023. "Desalinated Water Costs from Steam, Combined, and Nuclear Cogeneration Plants Using Power and Heat Allocation Methods," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-28, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:6:p:2752-:d:1098394
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. Altmann, Thomas & Robert, Justin & Bouma, Andrew & Swaminathan, Jaichander & Lienhard, John H., 2019. "Primary energy and exergy of desalination technologies in a power-water cogeneration scheme," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 252(C), pages 1-1.
    4. Jaskólski, Marcin & Reński, Andrzej & Minkiewicz, Tomasz, 2017. "Thermodynamic and economic analysis of nuclear power unit operating in partial cogeneration mode to produce electricity and district heat," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 2470-2483.
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