IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v16y2023i4p1918-d1069093.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

A Comparison of Grid-Connected Local Hospital Loads with Typical Backup Systems and Renewable Energy System Based Ad Hoc Microgrids for Enhancing the Resilience of the System

Author

Listed:
  • Majid Ali

    (Center for Research on Microgrids (CROM), AAU Energy, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark)

  • Juan C. Vasquez

    (Center for Research on Microgrids (CROM), AAU Energy, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark)

  • Josep M. Guerrero

    (Center for Research on Microgrids (CROM), AAU Energy, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark)

  • Yajuan Guan

    (Center for Research on Microgrids (CROM), AAU Energy, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark)

  • Saeed Golestan

    (Center for Research on Microgrids (CROM), AAU Energy, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark)

  • Jorge De La Cruz

    (Center for Research on Microgrids (CROM), AAU Energy, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark)

  • Mohsin Ali Koondhar

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering, Science and Technology, Nawabshah 67450, Pakistan)

  • Baseem Khan

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Hawassa University, Hawassa P.O. Box 05, Ethiopia
    Department of Project Management, Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana, Campeche 24560, Mexico)

Abstract

Extreme weather conditions and natural disasters (ND) are the main causes of power outages in the electric grid. It is necessary to strengthen the electrical power system’s resilience during these catastrophic occurrences, and microgrids may be seen as the best way to achieve this goal. In this paper, two different energy system scenarios were proposed for increasing the resiliency of the electric power system during random outages. In the first scenario, a diesel generator (DG) was used to deliver energy to key loads during grid disruptions, in conjunction with a utility electric grid (UEG) and local electric load (ELL). A grid-connected ad hoc microgrid (MG) with a photovoltaic (PV) system, a battery energy storage (BES) system, and local electric loads made up the second scenario. The PV system and the BES system were used to supply the key loads with electricity during the outage. The major aim of this research was to compare the two resilient-based systems from the perspectives of technology, economics, and the environment. Given that it requires greater resilience than the other loads during severe weather, a hospital load on Indonesia’s Lombok Island was chosen as the critical load. The objective function considers the system’s predefined constraints to reduce the overall net present cost (NPC) and the cost of energy in order to maximize the system resilience (COE). The Optimization of Multiple Energy Resources (HOMER) Grid simulated a 3-day outage in August 2021, and the results demonstrated that the resiliency enhancement for both scenarios was nearly identical. The first scenario resulted in fewer CO 2 emissions; however, the second scenario delivered lower operating costs and COE. The simulation’s findings showed that system 1 created an annual emission of 216.902 kg/yr while system 2 only produced an emission of 63.292 kg/yr. This study shows that since RES-based MGs don’t burn fossil fuels to generate power, they are more environmentally friendly resources.

Suggested Citation

  • Majid Ali & Juan C. Vasquez & Josep M. Guerrero & Yajuan Guan & Saeed Golestan & Jorge De La Cruz & Mohsin Ali Koondhar & Baseem Khan, 2023. "A Comparison of Grid-Connected Local Hospital Loads with Typical Backup Systems and Renewable Energy System Based Ad Hoc Microgrids for Enhancing the Resilience of the System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-20, February.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:4:p:1918-:d:1069093
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/4/1918/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/4/1918/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Marijn R. Jongerden & Jannik Hüls & Anne Remke & Boudewijn R. Haverkort, 2016. "Does Your Domestic Photovoltaic Energy System Survive Grid Outages?," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(9), pages 1-17, September.
    2. Hirsch, Adam & Parag, Yael & Guerrero, Josep, 2018. "Microgrids: A review of technologies, key drivers, and outstanding issues," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 402-411.
    3. Hussain, Akhtar & Bui, Van-Hai & Kim, Hak-Man, 2019. "Microgrids as a resilience resource and strategies used by microgrids for enhancing resilience," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 240(C), pages 56-72.
    4. Kavlak, Goksin & McNerney, James & Trancik, Jessika E., 2018. "Evaluating the causes of cost reduction in photovoltaic modules," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 123(C), pages 700-710.
    5. Ali M. Eltamaly & Mohamed A. Mohamed, 2014. "A Novel Design and Optimization Software for Autonomous PV/Wind/Battery Hybrid Power Systems," Mathematical Problems in Engineering, Hindawi, vol. 2014, pages 1-16, August.
    6. Curto, Domenico & Favuzza, Salvatore & Franzitta, Vincenzo & Guercio, Andrea & Amparo Navarro Navia, Milagros & Telaretti, Enrico & Zizzo, Gaetano, 2022. "Grid Stability Improvement Using Synthetic Inertia by Battery Energy Storage Systems in Small Islands," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(PC).
    7. Lau, K.Y. & Muhamad, N.A. & Arief, Y.Z. & Tan, C.W. & Yatim, A.H.M., 2016. "Grid-connected photovoltaic systems for Malaysian residential sector: Effects of component costs, feed-in tariffs, and carbon taxes," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 65-82.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Hussain Abdalla Sajwani & Bassel Soudan & Abdul Ghani Olabi, 2024. "Empowering Sustainability: Understanding Determinants of Consumer Investment in Microgrid Technology in the UAE," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(9), pages 1-28, May.
    2. Antoine Boche & Clément Foucher & Luiz Fernando Lavado Villa, 2022. "Understanding Microgrid Sustainability: A Systemic and Comprehensive Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-29, April.
    3. Soheil Mohseni & Alan C. Brent & Daniel Burmester, 2020. "Community Resilience-Oriented Optimal Micro-Grid Capacity Expansion Planning: The Case of Totarabank Eco-Village, New Zealand," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-29, August.
    4. Matthew Gough & Sérgio F. Santos & Mohammed Javadi & Rui Castro & João P. S. Catalão, 2020. "Prosumer Flexibility: A Comprehensive State-of-the-Art Review and Scientometric Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-32, May.
    5. Lenhart, Stephanie & Araújo, Kathleen, 2021. "Microgrid decision-making by public power utilities in the United States: A critical assessment of adoption and technological profiles," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
    6. Nelson, James & Johnson, Nathan G. & Fahy, Kelsey & Hansen, Timothy A., 2020. "Statistical development of microgrid resilience during islanding operations," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 279(C).
    7. Amrutha Raju Battula & Sandeep Vuddanti & Surender Reddy Salkuti, 2021. "Review of Energy Management System Approaches in Microgrids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-32, September.
    8. Nelson, James R. & Johnson, Nathan G., 2020. "Model predictive control of microgrids for real-time ancillary service market participation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 269(C).
    9. Michael H. Spiegel & Eric M. S. P. Veith & Thomas I. Strasser, 2020. "The Spectrum of Proactive, Resilient Multi-Microgrid Scheduling: A Systematic Literature Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-37, September.
    10. Richard Wallsgrove & Jisuk Woo & Jae-Hyup Lee & Lorraine Akiba, 2021. "The Emerging Potential of Microgrids in the Transition to 100% Renewable Energy Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-28, March.
    11. Mehdi Dhifli & Abderezak Lashab & Josep M. Guerrero & Abdullah Abusorrah & Yusuf A. Al-Turki & Adnane Cherif, 2020. "Enhanced Intelligent Energy Management System for a Renewable Energy-Based AC Microgrid," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-18, June.
    12. Rosales-Asensio, Enrique & de Simón-Martín, Miguel & Borge-Diez, David & Blanes-Peiró, Jorge Juan & Colmenar-Santos, Antonio, 2019. "Microgrids with energy storage systems as a means to increase power resilience: An application to office buildings," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 1005-1015.
    13. Villanueva-Rosario, Junior Alexis & Santos-García, Félix & Aybar-Mejía, Miguel Euclides & Mendoza-Araya, Patricio & Molina-García, Angel, 2022. "Coordinated ancillary services, market participation and communication of multi-microgrids: A review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 308(C).
    14. Farhat Afzah Samoon & Ikhlaq Hussain & Sheikh Javed Iqbal, 2023. "ILA Optimisation Based Control for Enhancing DC Link Voltage with Seamless and Adaptive VSC Control in a PV-BES Based AC Microgrid," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(21), pages 1-23, October.
    15. Emrani-Rahaghi, Pouria & Hashemi-Dezaki, Hamed & Ketabi, Abbas, 2023. "Efficient voltage control of low voltage distribution networks using integrated optimized energy management of networked residential multi-energy microgrids," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 349(C).
    16. Deng Xu & Yong Long, 2019. "The Impact of Government Subsidy on Renewable Microgrid Investment Considering Double Externalities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-15, June.
    17. Younes Zahraoui & Tarmo Korõtko & Argo Rosin & Saad Mekhilef & Mehdi Seyedmahmoudian & Alex Stojcevski & Ibrahim Alhamrouni, 2024. "AI Applications to Enhance Resilience in Power Systems and Microgrids—A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-35, June.
    18. Ray, Manojit & Chakraborty, Basab, 2022. "Impact of demand flexibility and tiered resilience on solar photovoltaic adoption in humanitarian settlements," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 193(C), pages 895-912.
    19. Dimitrios Trigkas & Chrysovalantou Ziogou & Spyros Voutetakis & Simira Papadopoulou, 2021. "Virtual Energy Storage in RES-Powered Smart Grids with Nonlinear Model Predictive Control," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-22, February.
    20. Jihed Hmad & Azeddine Houari & Allal El Moubarek Bouzid & Abdelhakim Saim & Hafedh Trabelsi, 2023. "A Review on Mode Transition Strategies between Grid-Connected and Standalone Operation of Voltage Source Inverters-Based Microgrids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-41, June.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:4:p:1918-:d:1069093. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.