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Performance of Cu/ZnO/Al 2 O 3 Catalysts Prepared by Sol–Gel Methods on Methanol Steam Reforming

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  • Yongsheng Li

    (School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
    Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction for Metallurgical Industry, Beijing 100083, China)

  • Chunhuan Luo

    (School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
    Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction for Metallurgical Industry, Beijing 100083, China)

  • Qingquan Su

    (School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
    Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction for Metallurgical Industry, Beijing 100083, China)

Abstract

Cu/ZnO/Al 2 O 3 catalysts were prepared for online methanol steam reforming (MSR) using a conventional sol–gel method in this study. The optimal preparation conditions, including the calcination temperature, Cu loading, molar ratio of citric acid to metal ions (CA/M), and pH, were investigated. CZA50 exhibited the highest MSR activity among all catalysts. It was prepared at a calcination temperature of 350 °C; Cu, Zn, and Al molar fractions of 50%, 30%, and 20%; CA/M of 1.5; and without adjusting pH. Furthermore, a modified sol–gel method was proposed to enhance the mechanical strength of Cu/ZnO/Al 2 O 3 catalysts by using γ-Al 2 O 3 powders as catalyst precursors instead of aluminum nitrates. In this modified method, part of Cu 2+ and Zn 2+ ions were impregnated firstly on γ-Al 2 O 3 powders, and then the remaining metal ions formed sol–gel with citric acid. MCZA-0.25 catalysts prepared by this modified method showed superior catalytic activity at an Al/(Cu+Zn) ratio of 0.25. The methanol conversion rates of CZA50, MCZA-025, and CZA-Commercial were 82.9%, 79.4%, and 74.7% at the temperature of 200 °C and methanol liquid phase space velocity (LHSV) of 1.0/h, respectively. The average crushing strength of CZA50, MCZA-0.25, and CZA-Commercial were measured as 28 N/cm, 37 N/cm, and 32 N/cm, respectively.

Suggested Citation

  • Yongsheng Li & Chunhuan Luo & Qingquan Su, 2023. "Performance of Cu/ZnO/Al 2 O 3 Catalysts Prepared by Sol–Gel Methods on Methanol Steam Reforming," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(23), pages 1-15, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:23:p:7803-:d:1288694
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Liu, Xiangyu & Hong, Hui & Zhang, Hao & Cao, Yali & Qu, Wanjun & Jin, Hongguang, 2020. "Solar methanol by hybridizing natural gas chemical looping reforming with solar heat," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 277(C).
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