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Assessment of Current Smart House Solutions: The Case of Portugal

Author

Listed:
  • Nuno Rego

    (Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal)

  • Rui Castro

    (INESC-ID/IST, University of Lisbon, 1000-029 Lisbon, Portugal)

  • Carlos Santos Silva

    (IN+/IST, University of Lisbon, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal)

Abstract

The world is facing many challenges to keep up with growing energy demand and greenhouse gas and pollutant emissions. A possible solution is to integrate renewable energy sources (RESs) into residences and create energy management systems (EMSs) that reduce consumption and relieve the main grid in critical hours. This paper is focused on analyzing different EMSs using solar photovoltaic (PV) modules and three energy storage systems (ESSs) to increase savings without affecting the user’s needs, with thirty-three power consumption profiles and three energy tariffs over a 25-year investment to compare which solution presents the best economic result in each of the 297 analyzed scenarios. The results show that the higher the overall daily consumption values, the greater the profits for all EMSs. The lowest demand profiles lead to the best self-consumption and self-sufficiency results. PV-only systems with a tri-hourly tariff have the best overall results. In the case of battery operation, each case should be carefully analyzed in order to choose the correct technologies and tariff. The results also allowed us to verify that even though having more PV modules generates more energy, it can make a project less economically desirable.

Suggested Citation

  • Nuno Rego & Rui Castro & Carlos Santos Silva, 2023. "Assessment of Current Smart House Solutions: The Case of Portugal," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(22), pages 1-23, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:22:p:7469-:d:1275468
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Zhou, Bin & Li, Wentao & Chan, Ka Wing & Cao, Yijia & Kuang, Yonghong & Liu, Xi & Wang, Xiong, 2016. "Smart home energy management systems: Concept, configurations, and scheduling strategies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 30-40.
    2. Oussama Ouramdane & Elhoussin Elbouchikhi & Yassine Amirat & Franck Le Gall & Ehsan Sedgh Gooya, 2022. "Home Energy Management Considering Renewable Resources, Energy Storage, and an Electric Vehicle as a Backup," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-20, April.
    3. Zakeri, Behnam & Cross, Samuel & Dodds, Paul.E. & Gissey, Giorgio Castagneto, 2021. "Policy options for enhancing economic profitability of residential solar photovoltaic with battery energy storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 290(C).
    4. Tuomela, Sanna & de Castro Tomé, Mauricio & Iivari, Netta & Svento, Rauli, 2021. "Impacts of home energy management systems on electricity consumption," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 299(C).
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