IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v16y2023i19p6994-d1255425.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Laboratory Investigation of Impact of Injection–Abstraction Rate and Groundwater Flow Velocity on Groundwater Heat Pump Performance

Author

Listed:
  • Taha Sezer

    (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK)

  • Abubakar Kawuwa Sani

    (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK)

  • Rao Martand Singh

    (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway)

  • Liang Cui

    (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK)

Abstract

Using low-temperature (shallow) groundwater as a heat source or heat sink is a common practice to supply space heating or cooling, especially in the United States, Canada, China, and several European countries. The groundwater heat pump (GWHP) system has been extensively studied in recent decades using numerical approaches, which have some limitations in understanding the soil’s thermal behavior. Therefore, a laboratory-scale experimental study involving cooling tests was carried out to investigate the impact of GWHP on system performance and sustainability with varying groundwater flow velocities and injection and abstraction rates. The results demonstrated that groundwater flow velocity, as well as injection and abstraction rates, significantly impact thermal plume development. Higher injection and abstraction rates create a larger thermal plume, thereby decreasing abstraction temperature. However, groundwater flow prevents heat development around the well by dispersing the heat in the groundwater flow direction. Furthermore, the results indicate that the energy gain only increased by 81% and 107%, with a respective increase of 100% and 200% in injection and abstraction rates.

Suggested Citation

  • Taha Sezer & Abubakar Kawuwa Sani & Rao Martand Singh & Liang Cui, 2023. "Laboratory Investigation of Impact of Injection–Abstraction Rate and Groundwater Flow Velocity on Groundwater Heat Pump Performance," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-19, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:19:p:6994-:d:1255425
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/19/6994/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/19/6994/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Pophillat, William & Attard, Guillaume & Bayer, Peter & Hecht-Méndez, Jozsef & Blum, Philipp, 2020. "Analytical solutions for predicting thermal plumes of groundwater heat pump systems," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(P2), pages 2696-2707.
    2. Bruno Piga & Alessandro Casasso & Francesca Pace & Alberto Godio & Rajandrea Sethi, 2017. "Thermal Impact Assessment of Groundwater Heat Pumps (GWHPs): Rigorous vs. Simplified Models," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-19, September.
    3. Randa Permanda & Tomoyuki Ohtani, 2022. "Thermal Impact by Open-Loop Geothermal Heat Pump Systems in Two Different Local Underground Conditions on the Alluvial Fan of the Nagara River, Gifu City, Central Japan," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-19, September.
    4. Thorsten Agemar & Josef Weber & Rüdiger Schulz, 2014. "Deep Geothermal Energy Production in Germany," Energies, MDPI, vol. 7(7), pages 1-20, July.
    5. Zhou, Xuezhi & Gao, Qing & Chen, Xiangliang & Yu, Ming & Zhao, Xiaowen, 2013. "Numerically simulating the thermal behaviors in groundwater wells of groundwater heat pump," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 240-247.
    6. Park, Byeong-Hak & Bae, Gwang-Ok & Lee, Kang-Kun, 2015. "Importance of thermal dispersivity in designing groundwater heat pump (GWHP) system: Field and numerical study," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 270-279.
    7. Blázquez, Cristina Sáez & Verda, Vittorio & Nieto, Ignacio Martín & Martín, Arturo Farfán & González-Aguilera, Diego, 2020. "Analysis and optimization of the design parameters of a district groundwater heat pump system in Turin, Italy," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 374-383.
    8. Park, Dong Kyu & Kaown, Dugin & Lee, Kang-Kun, 2020. "Development of a simulation-optimization model for sustainable operation of groundwater heat pump system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 585-595.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Taha Sezer & Abubakar Kawuwa Sani & Rao Martand Singh & Liang Cui, 2023. "Numerical Investigation and Optimization of a District-Scale Groundwater Heat Pump System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(20), pages 1-25, October.
    2. Hongkyo Kim & Yujin Nam & Sang mu Bae & Oun Jeoun, 2018. "Development of a Multi-Well Pairing System for Groundwater Heat Pump Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-15, December.
    3. Simona Adrinek & Mitja Janža & Mihael Brenčič, 2023. "Impact of Open-Loop Systems on Groundwater Temperature in NE Slovenia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-24, September.
    4. Longcang Shu & Rui Xiao & Zhonghui Wen & Yuezan Tao & Peigui Liu, 2017. "Impact of Boundary Conditions on a Groundwater Heat Pump System Design in a Shallow and Thin Aquifer near the River," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(5), pages 1-18, May.
    5. Halilovic, Smajil & Böttcher, Fabian & Zosseder, Kai & Hamacher, Thomas, 2023. "Optimizing the spatial arrangement of groundwater heat pumps and their well locations," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 217(C).
    6. Randa Permanda & Tomoyuki Ohtani, 2022. "Thermal Impact by Open-Loop Geothermal Heat Pump Systems in Two Different Local Underground Conditions on the Alluvial Fan of the Nagara River, Gifu City, Central Japan," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-19, September.
    7. Serianz, Luka & Rman, Nina & Golobič, Iztok & Brenčič, Mihael, 2022. "Groundwater heat transfer and thermal outflow plume modelling in the Alps," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 182(C), pages 751-763.
    8. Davide Cappellari & Leonardo Piccinini & Alessandro Pontin & Paolo Fabbri, 2022. "Sustainability of an Open-Loop GWHP System in an Italian Alpine Valley," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-28, December.
    9. Pophillat, William & Attard, Guillaume & Bayer, Peter & Hecht-Méndez, Jozsef & Blum, Philipp, 2020. "Analytical solutions for predicting thermal plumes of groundwater heat pump systems," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(P2), pages 2696-2707.
    10. Jinsang Kim & Yujin Nam, 2015. "A Numerical Study on System Performance of Groundwater Heat Pumps," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(1), pages 1-14, December.
    11. Banks, Jonathan & Rabbani, Arif & Nadkarni, Kabir & Renaud, Evan, 2020. "Estimating parasitic loads related to brine production from a hot sedimentary aquifer geothermal project: A case study from the Clarke Lake gas field, British Columbia," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 539-552.
    12. Strobel, Gion & Hagemann, Birger & Huppertz, Thiago Martins & Ganzer, Leonhard, 2020. "Underground bio-methanation: Concept and potential," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 123(C).
    13. Davide Toselli & Florian Heberle & Dieter Brüggemann, 2019. "Techno-Economic Analysis of Hybrid Binary Cycles with Geothermal Energy and Biogas Waste Heat Recovery," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-18, May.
    14. Majorowicz, Jacek & Grasby, Stephen E., 2019. "Deep geothermal energy in Canadian sedimentary basins VS. Fossils based energy we try to replace – Exergy [KJ/KG] compared," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 259-277.
    15. Al Saedi, A.Q. & Sharma, P. & Kabir, C.S., 2021. "A novel cyclical wellbore-fluid circulation strategy for extracting geothermal energy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C).
    16. Knoblauch, Theresa A.K. & Trutnevyte, Evelina & Stauffacher, Michael, 2019. "Siting deep geothermal energy: Acceptance of various risk and benefit scenarios in a Swiss-German cross-national study," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 807-816.
    17. Martina Gizzi & Federico Vagnon & Glenda Taddia & Stefano Lo Russo, 2023. "A Review of Groundwater Heat Pump Systems in the Italian Framework: Technological Potential and Environmental Limits," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-13, June.
    18. Wang, Yuqing & Liu, Yingxin & Dou, Jinyue & Li, Mingzhu & Zeng, Ming, 2020. "Geothermal energy in China: Status, challenges, and policy recommendations," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    19. Zhou, Xuezhi & Gao, Qing & Chen, Xiangliang & Yan, Yuying & Spitler, Jeffrey D., 2015. "Developmental status and challenges of GWHP and ATES in China," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 973-985.
    20. Guangzheng Jiang & Yi Wang & Yizuo Shi & Chao Zhang & Xiaoyin Tang & Shengbiao Hu, 2016. "Estimate of Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Resource in Daqing Oilfield, Northeast China," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(10), pages 1-13, October.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:19:p:6994-:d:1255425. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.