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Laboratory-Scale Airborne Wind Energy Conversion Emulator Using OPAL-RT Real-Time Simulator

Author

Listed:
  • Pankaj Kumar

    (Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore 575025, India)

  • Yashwant Kashyap

    (Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore 575025, India)

  • Roystan Vijay Castelino

    (Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore 575025, India)

  • Anabalagan Karthikeyan

    (Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore 575025, India)

  • Manjunatha Sharma K.

    (Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore 575025, India)

  • Debabrata Karmakar

    (Department of Water Resources and Ocean Engineering National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore 575025, India)

  • Panagiotis Kosmopoulos

    (Institute for Environmental Research and Sustainable Development, National Observatory of Athens (IERSD/NOA), 15236 Athens, Greece)

Abstract

Airborne wind energy systems (AWES) are more efficient than traditional wind turbines because they can capture higher wind speeds at higher altitudes using connected kite generators. Securing a real wind turbine or a site with favorable wind conditions is not always an assured opportunity for conducting research. Hence, the Research and Development of the Laboratory Scale Airborne Wind Energy Conversion System (LAWECS) require a better understanding of airborne wind turbine dynamics and emulation. Therefore, an airborne wind turbine emulation system was designed, implemented, simulated, and experimentally tested with ground data for the real time simulation. The speed and torque of a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) connected to a kite are regulated to maximize wind energy harvesting. A field-oriented control technique is then used to control the PMSM’s torque, while a three-phase power inverter is utilized to drive the PMSM with PI controllers in a closed loop. The proposed framework was tested, and the emulated airborne wind energy conversion system results were proven experimentally for different wind speeds and generator loads. Further, the LAWECS emulator simulated a 2 kW, 20 kW, and 60 kW designed with a projected kite area of 5, 25, and 70 square meters, respectively. This system was simulated using the Matlab/Simulink software and tested with the experimental data. Furthermore, the evaluation of the proposed framework is validated using a real-time hardware-in-the-loop environment, which uses the FPGA-based OPAL-RT Simulator.

Suggested Citation

  • Pankaj Kumar & Yashwant Kashyap & Roystan Vijay Castelino & Anabalagan Karthikeyan & Manjunatha Sharma K. & Debabrata Karmakar & Panagiotis Kosmopoulos, 2023. "Laboratory-Scale Airborne Wind Energy Conversion Emulator Using OPAL-RT Real-Time Simulator," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-30, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:19:p:6804-:d:1247292
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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