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Numerical Investigation of the Initial Charging Process of the Liquid Hydrogen Tank for Vehicles

Author

Listed:
  • Daehoon Kang

    (Smart Electrical & Signaling Division, Korea Railroad Research Institute, Uiwang 16105, Republic of Korea)

  • Sungho Yun

    (Railroad Safety Division, Korea Railroad Research Institute, Uiwang 16105, Republic of Korea)

  • Bo-kyong Kim

    (Smart Electrical & Signaling Division, Korea Railroad Research Institute, Uiwang 16105, Republic of Korea)

  • Jaewon Kim

    (Smart Electrical & Signaling Division, Korea Railroad Research Institute, Uiwang 16105, Republic of Korea)

  • Gildong Kim

    (Smart Electrical & Signaling Division, Korea Railroad Research Institute, Uiwang 16105, Republic of Korea)

  • Hyunbae Lee

    (Tae Sung S&E, Seoul 18469, Republic of Korea)

  • Sangyeol Choi

    (Tae Sung S&E, Seoul 18469, Republic of Korea)

Abstract

Liquid hydrogen has been studied for use in vehicles. However, during the charging process, liquid hydrogen is lost as gas. Therefore, it is necessary to estimate and reduce this loss and simulate the charging process. In this study, the initial charging process of a vehicle liquid hydrogen tank under room temperature and atmospheric pressure conditions was numerically investigated. A transient thermal-fluid simulation with a phase-change model was performed to analyze variations in the volume, pressure, mass flow rate, and temperature. The results showed that the process could be divided into three stages. In the first stage, liquid hydrogen was actively vaporized at the inner wall surface of the storage tank. The pressure increased rapidly, and liquid droplets were discharged into the vent pipe during the second stage. In the third stage, the mass flow rates of liquid and hydrogen gas at the outlet showed significant fluctuations, owing to complex momentum generated by the evaporation and charging flow. The temperatures of the inner and outer walls, and insulation layer, decreased significantly slower than that of the gas region because of its high heat capacity and insulation effect. The optimal structure should be further studied because the vortex, stagnation, and non-uniform cooling of the wall occurred near the inlet and outlet pipes.

Suggested Citation

  • Daehoon Kang & Sungho Yun & Bo-kyong Kim & Jaewon Kim & Gildong Kim & Hyunbae Lee & Sangyeol Choi, 2022. "Numerical Investigation of the Initial Charging Process of the Liquid Hydrogen Tank for Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-16, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2022:i:1:p:38-:d:1009544
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Daehoon Kang & Sungho Yun & Bo-kyong Kim, 2022. "Review of the Liquid Hydrogen Storage Tank and Insulation System for the High-Power Locomotive," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-13, June.
    2. Liaqat Hussain & Muhammad Mahabat Khan & Manzar Masud & Fawad Ahmed & Zabdur Rehman & Łukasz Amanowicz & Krzysztof Rajski, 2021. "Heat Transfer Augmentation through Different Jet Impingement Techniques: A State-of-the-Art Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-40, October.
    3. Jianfei Tong & Lingbo Zhu & Yiping Lu & Tianjiao Liang & Youlian Lu & Songlin Wang & Chaoju Yu & Shikui Dong & Heping Tan, 2021. "Study of Flow and Heat Transfer for the Supercritical Hydrogen in Spallation-Type Cylindrical Neutron Moderator," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-20, September.
    4. Wu, Sixian & Ju, Yonglin, 2021. "Numerical study of the boil-off gas (BOG) generation characteristics in a type C independent liquefied natural gas (LNG) tank under sloshing excitation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 223(C).
    5. Jiang, Wenbing & Sun, Peijie & Li, Peng & Zuo, Zhongqi & Huang, Yonghua, 2021. "Transient thermal behavior of multi-layer insulation coupled with vapor cooled shield used for liquid hydrogen storage tank," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 231(C).
    6. Jonas Mangold & Daniel Silberhorn & Nicolas Moebs & Niclas Dzikus & Julian Hoelzen & Thomas Zill & Andreas Strohmayer, 2022. "Refueling of LH2 Aircraft—Assessment of Turnaround Procedures and Aircraft Design Implication," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-41, March.
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