IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v15y2022i9p3389-d809592.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Valve Regulated Lead Acid Battery Evaluation under Peak Shaving and Frequency Regulation Duty Cycles

Author

Listed:
  • Nimat Shamim

    (Battery Materials & System Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA)

  • Vilayanur V. Viswanathan

    (Battery Materials & System Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA)

  • Edwin C. Thomsen

    (Battery Materials & System Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA)

  • Guosheng Li

    (Battery Materials & System Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA)

  • David M. Reed

    (Battery Materials & System Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA)

  • Vincent L. Sprenkle

    (Battery Materials & System Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA)

Abstract

This work highlights the performance metrics and the fundamental degradation mechanisms of lead-acid battery technology and maps these mechanisms to generic duty cycles for peak shaving and frequency regulation grid services. Four valve regulated lead acid batteries have been tested for two peak shaving cycles at different discharge rates and two frequency regulation duty cycles at different SOC ranges. Reference performance and pulse resistance tests are done periodically to evaluate battery degradation over time. The results of the studies are expected to provide a valuable understanding of lead acid battery technology suitability for grid energy storage applications.

Suggested Citation

  • Nimat Shamim & Vilayanur V. Viswanathan & Edwin C. Thomsen & Guosheng Li & David M. Reed & Vincent L. Sprenkle, 2022. "Valve Regulated Lead Acid Battery Evaluation under Peak Shaving and Frequency Regulation Duty Cycles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-19, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:9:p:3389-:d:809592
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/9/3389/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/9/3389/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ibrahim, H. & Ilinca, A. & Perron, J., 2008. "Energy storage systems--Characteristics and comparisons," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 12(5), pages 1221-1250, June.
    2. Malhotra, Abhishek & Battke, Benedikt & Beuse, Martin & Stephan, Annegret & Schmidt, Tobias, 2016. "Use cases for stationary battery technologies: A review of the literature and existing projects," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 705-721.
    3. Luo, Xing & Wang, Jihong & Dooner, Mark & Clarke, Jonathan, 2015. "Overview of current development in electrical energy storage technologies and the application potential in power system operation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 511-536.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Meng, Hui & Wang, Meihong & Olumayegun, Olumide & Luo, Xiaobo & Liu, Xiaoyan, 2019. "Process design, operation and economic evaluation of compressed air energy storage (CAES) for wind power through modelling and simulation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 923-936.
    2. Martin, Nigel & Rice, John, 2021. "Power outages, climate events and renewable energy: Reviewing energy storage policy and regulatory options for Australia," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    3. Emmanouil, Stergios & Nikolopoulos, Efthymios I. & François, Baptiste & Brown, Casey & Anagnostou, Emmanouil N., 2021. "Evaluating existing water supply reservoirs as small-scale pumped hydroelectric storage options – A case study in Connecticut," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 226(C).
    4. Armin Razmjoo & Arezoo Ghazanfari & Poul Alberg Østergaard & Mehdi Jahangiri & Andreas Sumper & Sahar Ahmadzadeh & Reza Eslamipoor, 2024. "Moving Toward the Expansion of Energy Storage Systems in Renewable Energy Systems—A Techno-Institutional Investigation with Artificial Intelligence Consideration," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(22), pages 1-25, November.
    5. Kapila, Sahil & Oni, Abayomi Olufemi & Kumar, Amit, 2017. "The development of techno-economic models for large-scale energy storage systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 140(P1), pages 656-672.
    6. Fan, Xiaoyu & Guo, Luna & Ji, Wei & Chen, Liubiao & Wang, Junjie, 2023. "Liquid air energy storage system based on fluidized bed heat transfer," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 215(C).
    7. Chen, Feng & Taylor, Nathaniel & Kringos, Nicole, 2015. "Electrification of roads: Opportunities and challenges," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 109-119.
    8. Parra, David & Swierczynski, Maciej & Stroe, Daniel I. & Norman, Stuart.A. & Abdon, Andreas & Worlitschek, Jörg & O’Doherty, Travis & Rodrigues, Lucelia & Gillott, Mark & Zhang, Xiaojin & Bauer, Chris, 2017. "An interdisciplinary review of energy storage for communities: Challenges and perspectives," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 730-749.
    9. Chen Yang & Li Sun & Hao Chen, 2023. "Thermodynamics Analysis of a Novel Compressed Air Energy Storage System Combined with Solid Oxide Fuel Cell–Micro Gas Turbine and Using Low-Grade Waste Heat as Heat Source," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-28, October.
    10. Yang, Yuqing & Bremner, Stephen & Menictas, Chris & Kay, Merlinde, 2018. "Battery energy storage system size determination in renewable energy systems: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 109-125.
    11. Arani, A.A. Khodadoost & Karami, H. & Gharehpetian, G.B. & Hejazi, M.S.A., 2017. "Review of Flywheel Energy Storage Systems structures and applications in power systems and microgrids," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 9-18.
    12. Qing, Shaowei & Ren, Shangkun & Wang, Yan & Wen, Xiankui & Zhong, Jingliang & Tang, Shengli & Peng, E., 2024. "Compressed air energy storage system with an ejector integrated in energy-release stage: Where is the optimal location of constant-pressure operation?," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 375(C).
    13. Mejia, Cristian & Kajikawa, Yuya, 2020. "Emerging topics in energy storage based on a large-scale analysis of academic articles and patents," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(C).
    14. Domínguez, M. & Fernández-Cardador, A. & Fernández-Rodríguez, A. & Cucala, A.P. & Pecharromán, R.R. & Urosa Sánchez, P. & Vadillo Cortázar, I., 2025. "Review on the use of energy storage systems in railway applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 207(C).
    15. Inal, Omer Berkehan & Charpentier, Jean-Frédéric & Deniz, Cengiz, 2022. "Hybrid power and propulsion systems for ships: Current status and future challenges," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 156(C).
    16. Guerra, Omar J. & Tejada, Diego A. & Reklaitis, Gintaras V., 2016. "An optimization framework for the integrated planning of generation and transmission expansion in interconnected power systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 170(C), pages 1-21.
    17. Sciacovelli, Adriano & Li, Yongliang & Chen, Haisheng & Wu, Yuting & Wang, Jihong & Garvey, Seamus & Ding, Yulong, 2017. "Dynamic simulation of Adiabatic Compressed Air Energy Storage (A-CAES) plant with integrated thermal storage – Link between components performance and plant performance," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(P1), pages 16-28.
    18. Olabi, A.G. & Onumaegbu, C. & Wilberforce, Tabbi & Ramadan, Mohamad & Abdelkareem, Mohammad Ali & Al – Alami, Abdul Hai, 2021. "Critical review of energy storage systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 214(C).
    19. Djamila Rekioua, 2023. "Energy Storage Systems for Photovoltaic and Wind Systems: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-26, May.
    20. Xiaotong Qie & Rui Zhang & Yanyong Hu & Xialing Sun & Xue Chen, 2021. "A Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Approach for Energy Storage Technology Selection Based on Demand," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-29, October.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:9:p:3389-:d:809592. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.