IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v15y2022i9p2974-d796827.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Forecast of Community Total Electric Load and HVAC Component Disaggregation through a New LSTM-Based Method

Author

Listed:
  • Huangjie Gong

    (SPARK Laboratory, ECE Department, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA)

  • Rosemary E. Alden

    (SPARK Laboratory, ECE Department, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA)

  • Aron Patrick

    (Louisville Gas and Electric and Kentucky Utilities, Louisville, KY 40202, USA)

  • Dan M. Ionel

    (SPARK Laboratory, ECE Department, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA)

Abstract

The forecast and estimation of total electric power demand of a residential community, its baseload, and its heating ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) power component, which represents a very large portion of a community electricity usage, are important enablers for optimal energy controls and utility planning. This paper proposes a method that employs machine learning in a multi-step integrated approach. An LSTM model for total electric power at the main circuit feeder is trained using historic multi-year hourly data, outdoor temperature, and solar irradiance. New key temperature indicators, TmHAVC, corresponding to the standby zero-power operation for HVAC systems for summer cooling and winter heating are introduced using a V-shaped hourly total load curve. The trained LTSM model is additionally run with TmHVAC and zero irradiance inputs yielding an estimated baseload, which is representative of typical occupancy patterns. The HVAC power component is disaggregated as the difference between total and baseload power. Total power forecasts of an aggregated residential community as seen by major distribution lines are experimentally validated with a satisfactory MAPE error below 10% based on a 4-year dataset from a representative suburban community with more than 1800 homes in Kentucky, U.S. Discussions regarding the validity of the separation method based on combined considerations of fundamental physics, statistics, and human behavior are also included.

Suggested Citation

  • Huangjie Gong & Rosemary E. Alden & Aron Patrick & Dan M. Ionel, 2022. "Forecast of Community Total Electric Load and HVAC Component Disaggregation through a New LSTM-Based Method," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-17, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:9:p:2974-:d:796827
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/9/2974/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/9/2974/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Bidong Liu & Jakub Nowotarski & Tao Hong & Rafal Weron, 2015. "Probabilistic load forecasting via Quantile Regression Averaging on sister forecasts," HSC Research Reports HSC/15/01, Hugo Steinhaus Center, Wroclaw University of Technology.
    2. Hong, Tao & Pinson, Pierre & Fan, Shu & Zareipour, Hamidreza & Troccoli, Alberto & Hyndman, Rob J., 2016. "Probabilistic energy forecasting: Global Energy Forecasting Competition 2014 and beyond," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 32(3), pages 896-913.
    3. Mingzhe Zou & Shuyang Zhu & Jiacheng Gu & Lidija M. Korunovic & Sasa Z. Djokic, 2021. "Heating and Lighting Load Disaggregation Using Frequency Components and Convolutional Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory Method," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-24, August.
    4. Nick MacMackin, & Miller, Lindsay & Carriveau, Rupp, 2019. "Modeling and disaggregating hourly effects of weather on sectoral electricity demand," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Massidda, Luca & Marrocu, Marino, 2023. "Total and thermal load forecasting in residential communities through probabilistic methods and causal machine learning," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 351(C).
    2. Evan S. Jones & Rosemary E. Alden & Huangjie Gong & Dan M. Ionel, 2023. "Co-Simulation of Electric Power Distribution Systems and Buildings including Ultra-Fast HVAC Models and Optimal DER Control," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-20, June.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Grzegorz Marcjasz & Tomasz Serafin & Rafał Weron, 2018. "Selection of Calibration Windows for Day-Ahead Electricity Price Forecasting," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-20, September.
    2. Nowotarski, Jakub & Weron, Rafał, 2018. "Recent advances in electricity price forecasting: A review of probabilistic forecasting," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P1), pages 1548-1568.
    3. Uniejewski, Bartosz & Marcjasz, Grzegorz & Weron, Rafał, 2019. "On the importance of the long-term seasonal component in day-ahead electricity price forecasting: Part II — Probabilistic forecasting," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 171-182.
    4. Xu, Xiuqin & Chen, Ying & Goude, Yannig & Yao, Qiwei, 2021. "Day-ahead probabilistic forecasting for French half-hourly electricity loads and quantiles for curve-to-curve regression," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 301(C).
    5. Caston Sigauke & Murendeni Maurel Nemukula & Daniel Maposa, 2018. "Probabilistic Hourly Load Forecasting Using Additive Quantile Regression Models," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-21, August.
    6. Zhang, Wenjie & Quan, Hao & Srinivasan, Dipti, 2018. "Parallel and reliable probabilistic load forecasting via quantile regression forest and quantile determination," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 810-819.
    7. Nowotarski, Jakub & Weron, Rafał, 2016. "On the importance of the long-term seasonal component in day-ahead electricity price forecasting," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 228-235.
    8. Nowotarski, Jakub & Liu, Bidong & Weron, Rafał & Hong, Tao, 2016. "Improving short term load forecast accuracy via combining sister forecasts," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 98(C), pages 40-49.
    9. Haben, Stephen & Arora, Siddharth & Giasemidis, Georgios & Voss, Marcus & Vukadinović Greetham, Danica, 2021. "Review of low voltage load forecasting: Methods, applications, and recommendations," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 304(C).
    10. Grzegorz Marcjasz & Bartosz Uniejewski & Rafal Weron, 2017. "Importance of the long-term seasonal component in day-ahead electricity price forecasting revisited: Neural network models," HSC Research Reports HSC/17/03, Hugo Steinhaus Center, Wroclaw University of Technology.
    11. Niematallah Elamin & Mototsugu Fukushige, 2016. "A Quantile Regression Model for Electricity Peak Demand Forecasting: An Approach to Avoiding Power Blackouts," Discussion Papers in Economics and Business 16-22, Osaka University, Graduate School of Economics.
    12. Cameron Roach & Rob Hyndman & Souhaib Ben Taieb, 2021. "Non‐linear mixed‐effects models for time series forecasting of smart meter demand," Journal of Forecasting, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 40(6), pages 1118-1130, September.
    13. Marcjasz, Grzegorz & Uniejewski, Bartosz & Weron, Rafał, 2019. "On the importance of the long-term seasonal component in day-ahead electricity price forecasting with NARX neural networks," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 35(4), pages 1520-1532.
    14. Kong, Xiangyu & Li, Chuang & Wang, Chengshan & Zhang, Yusen & Zhang, Jian, 2020. "Short-term electrical load forecasting based on error correction using dynamic mode decomposition," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(C).
    15. Uniejewski, Bartosz & Weron, Rafał, 2021. "Regularized quantile regression averaging for probabilistic electricity price forecasting," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 95(C).
    16. Romain Dupin & Laura Cavalcante & Ricardo J. Bessa & Georges Kariniotakis & Andrea Michiorri, 2020. "Extreme Quantiles Dynamic Line Rating Forecasts and Application on Network Operation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-21, June.
    17. Ping-Huan Kuo & Chiou-Jye Huang, 2018. "A Green Energy Application in Energy Management Systems by an Artificial Intelligence-Based Solar Radiation Forecasting Model," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-15, April.
    18. Juraj Čurpek, 2019. "Time Evolution of Hurst Exponent: Czech Wholesale Electricity Market Study," European Financial and Accounting Journal, Prague University of Economics and Business, vol. 2019(3), pages 25-44.
    19. Mayer, Martin János & Yang, Dazhi, 2023. "Calibration of deterministic NWP forecasts and its impact on verification," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 39(2), pages 981-991.
    20. Sepehr Moalem & Roya M. Ahari & Ghazanfar Shahgholian & Majid Moazzami & Seyed Mohammad Kazemi, 2022. "Long-Term Electricity Demand Forecasting in the Steel Complex Micro-Grid Electricity Supply Chain—A Coupled Approach," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-17, October.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:9:p:2974-:d:796827. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.