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Economic Integration of Renewable and Conventional Power Sources—A Case Study

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  • Muhammad Mateen Afzal Awan

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Management and Technology Lahore, Sialkot 51310, Punjab, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Yaqoob Javed

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore 54000, Punjab, Pakistan)

  • Aamer Bilal Asghar

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore 54000, Punjab, Pakistan)

  • Krzysztof Ejsmont

    (Faculty of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 02-524 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Zia-ur-Rehman

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Mirpur 10250, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan)

Abstract

In this study, we have presented an optimal microgrid design that ensures the uninterrupted energy supply to Mirpur University of Engineering and Technology (MUST), Azad Jammu and Kashmir AJK, Pakistan at the cheapest price by using reliable energy resources. The availability of energy resources, environmental viability, and economic feasibility are the key parameters of design. The available resources for the MUST site include the National grid, Solar photovoltaic (SPV), Battery bank, and Diesel generator. The data of electrical load, solar illumination, atmospheric temperature at the university, diesel fuel cost, SPV module lifetime, SPV degradation factor, SPV efficiency, SPV cost, battery cost, battery life, national grid energy price, load shedding and toxic emissions have been considered valuables in designing the hybrid micro-grid. The difference in net present cost (NPC) of the optimal design and the worst design is calculated by considering the above parameters. The proposed optimal microgrid design supplies energy to the load using SPV, Diesel generator, and battery bank with NPC of $250,546 and the renewable fraction of 99%. Whereas the worst design includes the Diesel generator and battery bank as energy supplying sources with the NPC of $2.14 M and a renewable fraction of 0%. Simulations performed using HOMER Pro software (HOMER Energy, HOMER Pro-3.11, Boulder, CO, USA) proved that after considering all the data and requirements mentioned above, out of 979 feasible designs, the proposed hybrid microgrid design is best suitable for MUST.

Suggested Citation

  • Muhammad Mateen Afzal Awan & Muhammad Yaqoob Javed & Aamer Bilal Asghar & Krzysztof Ejsmont & Zia-ur-Rehman, 2022. "Economic Integration of Renewable and Conventional Power Sources—A Case Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-20, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:6:p:2141-:d:771607
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    Cited by:

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    2. Muhammad Mateen Afzal Awan & Aamer Bilal Asghar & Muhammad Yaqoob Javed & Zsolt Conka, 2023. "Ordering Technique for the Maximum Power Point Tracking of an Islanded Solar Photovoltaic System," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-19, February.
    3. Lilia Tightiz & Joon Yoo, 2022. "A Review on a Data-Driven Microgrid Management System Integrating an Active Distribution Network: Challenges, Issues, and New Trends," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-24, November.
    4. Hasan M. Salman & Jagadeesh Pasupuleti & Ahmad H. Sabry, 2023. "Review on Causes of Power Outages and Their Occurrence: Mitigation Strategies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-34, October.

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