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Atmospheric Stability Effects on Offshore and Coastal Wind Resource Characteristics in South Korea for Developing Offshore Wind Farms

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  • Geon Hwa Ryu

    (Interdisciplinary Program of Renewable Energy Engineering, Mokpo National University, Mokpo 58554, Korea)

  • Young-Gon Kim

    (Wind Energy Research Center, Energy Valley Industry-University Convergence Agency, Naju 58277, Korea)

  • Sung Jo Kwak

    (Wind Energy Research Team, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Jeju 63357, Korea)

  • Man Soo Choi

    (Wind & Marine Energy Department, Green Energy Institute, Mokpo 58656, Korea)

  • Moon-Seon Jeong

    (Renewable Energy Group, KEPCO Research Institute, Daejeon 34056, Korea)

  • Chae-Joo Moon

    (Department of Electrical and Control Engineering, Mokpo National University, Mokpo 58554, Korea)

Abstract

South Korea is surrounded by the sea on three sides. The characteristics of offshore wind resources vary from region to region due to the influence of the distribution of the coastline and differences in roughness length and atmospheric stability between the coast and the sea. In particular, turbulent gusts and low-level wind shear occurring near the hub height of the wind turbine within the atmospheric boundary layer have a significant effect on the load of wind turbines. These severe weather phenomena are closely related to atmospheric stability. Therefore, the objective of this study is to determine differences in wind resource characteristics in the South Korean offshore and coast in relation to variations in atmospheric stability using observation data from the HeMOSU-1 meteorological tower in the West Sea and the Boseong meteorological observation tower on the southern coast. On the southern coast, changes in sea and land breezes are observed throughout diurnal and nocturnal periods, with an atmospheric stability distribution similar to that of land, which is unstable during the day and becomes more stable at night. On the other hand, the stable ratio continues to dominate in the west offshore. In the case of coastal areas, low-level wind shear occasionally occurs near the general wind turbine hub height approximately over 100 m due to the influence of winds from the sea. This study shows that when constructing an offshore wind farm, it is necessary to first analyze the characteristics of local coastal and offshore wind resources for more efficient and safe wind farm construction and operation.

Suggested Citation

  • Geon Hwa Ryu & Young-Gon Kim & Sung Jo Kwak & Man Soo Choi & Moon-Seon Jeong & Chae-Joo Moon, 2022. "Atmospheric Stability Effects on Offshore and Coastal Wind Resource Characteristics in South Korea for Developing Offshore Wind Farms," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-23, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:4:p:1305-:d:746965
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kim, Dae-Young & Kim, Yeon-Hee & Kim, Bum-Suk, 2021. "Changes in wind turbine power characteristics and annual energy production due to atmospheric stability, turbulence intensity, and wind shear," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 214(C).
    2. Ju-Hee Kim & Kyung-Ran Choi & Seung-Hoon Yoo, 2021. "Evaluating the South Korean public perceptions and acceptance of offshore wind farming: evidence from a choice experiment study," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 53(33), pages 3889-3899, July.
    3. Gualtieri, Giovanni, 2016. "Atmospheric stability varying wind shear coefficients to improve wind resource extrapolation: A temporal analysis," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(P1), pages 376-390.
    4. Jae-Hyup Lee & Jisuk Woo, 2020. "Green New Deal Policy of South Korea: Policy Innovation for a Sustainability Transition," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-17, December.
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