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Offshore CO 2 Capture and Utilization Using Floating Wind/PV Systems: Site Assessment and Efficiency Analysis in the Mediterranean

Author

Listed:
  • Douglas Keller

    (LMD/IPSL, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, ENS, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 91120 Palaiseau, France)

  • Vishal Somanna

    (LMD/IPSL, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, ENS, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 91120 Palaiseau, France)

  • Philippe Drobinski

    (LMD/IPSL, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, ENS, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 91120 Palaiseau, France)

  • Cédric Tard

    (LCM, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, CNRS, 91120 Palaiseau, France)

Abstract

A methanol island, powered by solar or wind energy, indirectly captures atmospheric CO 2 through the ocean and combines it with hydrogen gas to produce a synthetic fuel. The island components include a carbon dioxide extractor, a desalinator, an electrolyzer, and a carbon dioxide-hydrogen reactor to complete this process. In this study, the optimal locations to place such a device in the Mediterranean Sea were determined, based on three main constraints: power availability, environmental risk, and methanol production capability. The island was numerically simulated with a purpose built python package pyseafuel . Data from 20 years of ocean and atmospheric simulation data were used to “force” the simulated methanol island. The optimal locations were found to strongly depend on the power availability constraint, with most optimal locations providing the most solar and/or wind power, due to the limited effect the ocean surface variability had on the power requirements of methanol island. Within this context, optimal locations were found to be the Alboran, Cretan, and Levantine Sea due to the availability of insolation for the Alboran and Levantine Sea and availability of wind power for the Cretan Sea. These locations were also not co-located with areas with larger maximum significant wave heights, thereby avoiding areas with higher environmental risk. When we simulate the production at these locations, a 10 L s −1 seawater inflow rate produced 494.21, 495.84, and 484.70 mL m −2 of methanol over the course of a year, respectively. Island communities in these regions could benefit from the energy resource diversification and independence these systems could provide. However, the environmental impact of such systems is poorly understood and requires further investigation.

Suggested Citation

  • Douglas Keller & Vishal Somanna & Philippe Drobinski & Cédric Tard, 2022. "Offshore CO 2 Capture and Utilization Using Floating Wind/PV Systems: Site Assessment and Efficiency Analysis in the Mediterranean," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-25, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:23:p:8873-:d:982741
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Renforth, P. & Jenkins, B.G. & Kruger, T., 2013. "Engineering challenges of ocean liming," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 442-452.
    2. Takvor H. Soukissian & Dimitra Denaxa & Flora Karathanasi & Aristides Prospathopoulos & Konstantinos Sarantakos & Athanasia Iona & Konstantinos Georgantas & Spyridon Mavrakos, 2017. "Marine Renewable Energy in the Mediterranean Sea: Status and Perspectives," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-56, September.
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