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Recent Progress in Transparent Conductive Materials for Photovoltaics

Author

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  • Sandeep Kumar Maurya

    (Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Hazel Rose Galvan

    (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA)

  • Gaurav Gautam

    (Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India)

  • Xiaojie Xu

    (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

Abstract

Transparent conducting materials (TCMs) are essential components for a variety of optoelectronic devices, such as photovoltaics, displays and touch screens. In recent years, extensive efforts have been made to develop TCMs with both high electrical conductivity and optical transmittance. Based on material types, they can be mainly categorized into the following classes: metal oxides, metal nanowire networks, carbon-material-based TCMs (graphene and carbon nanotube networks) and conjugated conductive polymers (PEDOT:PSS). This review will discuss the fundamental electrical and optical properties, typical fabrication methods and the applications in solar cells for each class of TCMs and highlight the current challenges and potential future research directions.

Suggested Citation

  • Sandeep Kumar Maurya & Hazel Rose Galvan & Gaurav Gautam & Xiaojie Xu, 2022. "Recent Progress in Transparent Conductive Materials for Photovoltaics," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-25, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:22:p:8698-:d:977816
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. R. S. Lee & H. J. Kim & J. E. Fischer & A. Thess & R. E. Smalley, 1997. "Conductivity enhancement in single-walled carbon nanotube bundles doped with K and Br," Nature, Nature, vol. 388(6639), pages 255-257, July.
    2. Abhinav Prakash & Peng Xu & Alireza Faghaninia & Sudhanshu Shukla & Joel W. Ager & Cynthia S. Lo & Bharat Jalan, 2017. "Wide bandgap BaSnO3 films with room temperature conductivity exceeding 104 S cm−1," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 8(1), pages 1-9, August.
    3. Mingzhen Liu & Michael B. Johnston & Henry J. Snaith, 2013. "Efficient planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells by vapour deposition," Nature, Nature, vol. 501(7467), pages 395-398, September.
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