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Elastic Energy Management Algorithm Using IoT Technology for Devices with Smart Appliance Functionality for Applications in Smart-Grid

Author

Listed:
  • Piotr Powroźnik

    (Institute of Metrology, Electronics and Computer Science, University of Zielona Góra, 65-516 Zielona Gora, Poland)

  • Paweł Szcześniak

    (Institute of Automatic Control, Electronics and Electrical Engineering, University of Zielona Góra, 65-516 Zielona Gora, Poland)

  • Krzysztof Piotrowski

    (IHP-Leibniz Institute for High Performance Microelectronics, 15236 Frankfurt (Oder), Germany)

Abstract

Currently, ensuring the correct functioning of the electrical grid is an important issue in terms of maintaining the normative voltage parameters and local line overloads. The unpredictability of Renewable Energy Sources (RES), the occurrence of the phenomenon of peak demand, as well as exceeding the voltage level above the nominal values in a smart grid makes it justifiable to conduct further research in this field. The article presents the results of simulation tests and experimental laboratory tests of an electricity management system in order to reduce excessively high grid load or reduce excessively high grid voltage values resulting from increased production of prosumer RES. The research is based on the Elastic Energy Management (EEM) algorithm for smart appliances (SA) using IoT (Internet of Things) technology. The data for the algorithm was obtained from a message broker that implements the Message Queue Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol. The complexity of selecting power settings for SA in the EEM algorithm required the use of a solution that is applied to the NP difficult problem class. For this purpose, the Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedure (GRASP) was used in the EEM algorithm. The presented results of the simulation and experiment confirmed the possibility of regulating the network voltage by the Elastic Energy Management algorithm in the event of voltage fluctuations related to excessive load or local generation.

Suggested Citation

  • Piotr Powroźnik & Paweł Szcześniak & Krzysztof Piotrowski, 2021. "Elastic Energy Management Algorithm Using IoT Technology for Devices with Smart Appliance Functionality for Applications in Smart-Grid," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-23, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2021:i:1:p:109-:d:710044
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Fco. Javier Zarco-Soto & Pedro J. Zarco-Periñán & Jose L. Martínez-Ramos, 2021. "Centralized Control of Distribution Networks with High Penetration of Renewable Energies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-13, July.
    2. Luo, Xing & Wang, Jihong & Dooner, Mark & Clarke, Jonathan, 2015. "Overview of current development in electrical energy storage technologies and the application potential in power system operation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 511-536.
    3. Chu Donatus Iweh & Samuel Gyamfi & Emmanuel Tanyi & Eric Effah-Donyina, 2021. "Distributed Generation and Renewable Energy Integration into the Grid: Prerequisites, Push Factors, Practical Options, Issues and Merits," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-34, August.
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