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Double-String Battery System with Reconfigurable Cell Topology Operated as a Fast Charging Station for Electric Vehicles

Author

Listed:
  • Jan Engelhardt

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Risø Campus, Technical University of Denmark, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark)

  • Jan Martin Zepter

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Risø Campus, Technical University of Denmark, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark)

  • Tatiana Gabderakhmanova

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Risø Campus, Technical University of Denmark, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark)

  • Gunnar Rohde

    (Nerve Smart Systems ApS, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark)

  • Mattia Marinelli

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Risø Campus, Technical University of Denmark, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark)

Abstract

This paper introduces a novel design of an electric vehicle (EV) fast charging station, consisting of a battery energy storage system (BESS) with reconfigurable cell topology. The BESS comprises two battery strings that decouple the power flow between EV and grid, to enable charging powers above the grid capacity. The reconfigurable design is achieved by equipping the battery cells with semiconductor switches and serves two main purposes. First, it aims at solving cell unbalance issues to increase safety, reliability, and lifetime of the battery. Second, it enables the BESS to actively control the EV charging process by changing its cell configuration in a real-time fashion, making a DC-DC converter redundant. The paper presents a modelling approach that captures the reconfigurable design including the controlling algorithm used for cell engagement. The simulation results show that the BESS is able to fulfil the EV request with sufficient accuracy for most of the fast charging process. However, the switching of cells leads to variations in the charging current that can potentially exceed the tolerance band defined in IEC61851-23. Therefore, complementary measures are suggested to achieve a suitable current control during all phases of the charging process. The estimated BESS efficiency during the EV fast charging process is 93.3 %. The losses caused by the reconfigurable design amount to 1.2 % of the provided energy. It is demonstrated that the proposed design has a competitive efficiency compared to a battery buffered fast charging station with DC-DC converter.

Suggested Citation

  • Jan Engelhardt & Jan Martin Zepter & Tatiana Gabderakhmanova & Gunnar Rohde & Mattia Marinelli, 2021. "Double-String Battery System with Reconfigurable Cell Topology Operated as a Fast Charging Station for Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-19, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:9:p:2414-:d:542117
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Gianfranco Chicco & Andrea Mazza & Salvatore Musumeci & Enrico Pons & Angela Russo, 2022. "Editorial for the Special Issue “Verifying the Targets—Selected Papers from the 55th International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC 2020)”," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-8, August.
    2. Tatiana Gabderakhmanova & Mattia Marinelli, 2022. "Multi-Energy System Demonstration Pilots on Geographical Islands: An Overview across Europe," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-26, May.
    3. Guangwei Wan & Qiang Zhang & Menghan Li & Siyuan Li & Zehao Fu & Junjie Liu & Gang Li, 2023. "Improved Battery Balancing Control Strategy for Reconfigurable Converter Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-21, July.

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