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Assessment of Demand Side Flexibility in European Electricity Markets: A Country Level Review

Author

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  • Aikaterini Forouli

    (Hellenic Energy Exchange S.A., 110 Athinon Ave., 104 42 Athens, Greece)

  • Emmanouil A. Bakirtzis

    (Hellenic Energy Exchange S.A., 110 Athinon Ave., 104 42 Athens, Greece)

  • Georgios Papazoglou

    (School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece)

  • Konstantinos Oureilidis

    (Hellenic Energy Exchange S.A., 110 Athinon Ave., 104 42 Athens, Greece)

  • Vasileios Gkountis

    (Hellenic Energy Exchange S.A., 110 Athinon Ave., 104 42 Athens, Greece)

  • Luisa Candido

    (Estabanell y Pahisa SA, Carrer del Rec, 28-08401 Granollers, Barcelona, Spain)

  • Eloi Delgado Ferrer

    (Estabanell y Pahisa SA, Carrer del Rec, 28-08401 Granollers, Barcelona, Spain)

  • Pandelis Biskas

    (School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece)

Abstract

Power systems in many countries have recently undergone a significant transition towards renewable and carbon-free generation sources. Those sources pose new challenges to the grid operation due to their intermittency and uncertainty. Consequently, advanced policy strategies and technologies offering new flexibility solutions on the inelastic demand side are required to maintain the reliability of power systems. Given the diversity of situations, legislation and needs across European countries and the varying nature of distribution system operators, this article reviews the deployment of demand side flexibility at national level to identify best practices and main barriers. The analysis concerns European countries of different progress in solutions that leverage flexibility towards offering electricity grid services. The scope is to explore the operation principles of European electricity markets, to assess the participation of emerging flexible resources, and to propose new approaches that facilitate the integration of flexible assets in the distribution grid. The countries reviewed are the United Kingdom, Belgium, Italy and Greece. These countries were selected owing to their diversity in terms of generation mix and market design. Barriers for market access of flexibility resources are also identified in order to form relevant country-specific recommendations.

Suggested Citation

  • Aikaterini Forouli & Emmanouil A. Bakirtzis & Georgios Papazoglou & Konstantinos Oureilidis & Vasileios Gkountis & Luisa Candido & Eloi Delgado Ferrer & Pandelis Biskas, 2021. "Assessment of Demand Side Flexibility in European Electricity Markets: A Country Level Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-23, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:8:p:2324-:d:539686
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    4. Ricardo Silva & Everton Alves & Ricardo Ferreira & José Villar & Clara Gouveia, 2021. "Characterization of TSO and DSO Grid System Services and TSO-DSO Basic Coordination Mechanisms in the Current Decarbonization Context," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-30, July.
    5. Hwang, Hyunkyeong & Yoon, Ahyun & Yoon, Yongtae & Moon, Seungil, 2023. "Demand response of HVAC systems for hosting capacity improvement in distribution networks: A comprehensive review and case study," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 187(C).
    6. Chen, Ting & Vandendriessche, Frederik, 2023. "Enabling independent flexibility service providers to participate in electricity markets: A legal analysis of the Belgium case," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    7. Marios-Charilaos Sousounis & Epameinondas (Nondas) Floros & Fotios-Konstantinos Paterakis & Christos Dikaiakos & Ioannis Moraitis, 2023. "Voltage Control Market Integration: Technical and Regulatory Challenges for the Greek Electricity Market," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-16, February.
    8. Georgios Papazoglou & Pandelis Biskas, 2022. "Review of Methodologies for the Assessment of Feasible Operating Regions at the TSO–DSO Interface," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-24, July.
    9. Štefan Bojnec & Alan Križaj, 2021. "Electricity Markets during the Liberalization: The Case of a European Union Country," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-21, July.
    10. Štefan Bojnec, 2023. "Electricity Markets, Electricity Prices and Green Energy Transition," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-4, January.
    11. Georgios Papazoglou & Pandelis Biskas, 2023. "Review and Comparison of Genetic Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization in the Optimal Power Flow Problem," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-25, January.
    12. Orlando Valarezo & Tomás Gómez & José Pablo Chaves-Avila & Leandro Lind & Mauricio Correa & David Ulrich Ziegler & Rodrigo Escobar, 2021. "Analysis of New Flexibility Market Models in Europe," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-24, June.
    13. Jemma J. Makrygiorgou & Christos-Spyridon Karavas & Christos Dikaiakos & Ioannis P. Moraitis, 2023. "The Electricity Market in Greece: Current Status, Identified Challenges, and Arranged Reforms," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-40, February.
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