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Does Carbon Risk Matter? Evidence of Carbon Premium in EU Energy-Intensive Companies

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  • Pawel Witkowski

    (Institute of Economics and Finance, University of Szczecin, 71-101 Szczecin, Poland)

  • Adam Adamczyk

    (Institute of Economics and Finance, University of Szczecin, 71-101 Szczecin, Poland)

  • Slawomir Franek

    (Institute of Economics and Finance, University of Szczecin, 71-101 Szczecin, Poland)

Abstract

In this paper we have assessed the impact of the European Union’s Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS) on the level of the carbon premium. The aim of the study is to determine whether there is a stable carbon premium in energy-intensive sectors. Unlike other studies, our research sample included not only companies in the energy sector, but also entities classified as energy-intensive. In the research, we used our own criterion for allocating companies to a clean and dirty portfolio, which made it possible to make the estimation of the carbon premium more resistant to changes in the rules for allocation of emission allowances. We detected a positive, statistically significant carbon premium in the years 2003–2012 and a negative one in the years 2013–2015, but we did not detect a statistically significant carbon premium in the period 2016–2019. This means that there are no grounds for concluding that there is a stable, positive carbon premium for energy-intensive companies subject to the EU ETS over time. We have also noticed that a significant problem in studying the impact of the EU ETS on the carbon premium is the use of static portfolios of clean and dirty companies

Suggested Citation

  • Pawel Witkowski & Adam Adamczyk & Slawomir Franek, 2021. "Does Carbon Risk Matter? Evidence of Carbon Premium in EU Energy-Intensive Companies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-18, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:7:p:1855-:d:524986
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Siddhartha P. Chakrabarty & Suryadeepto Nag, 2023. "Risk measures and portfolio analysis in the paradigm of climate finance: a review," SN Business & Economics, Springer, vol. 3(3), pages 1-22, March.
    2. Millischer, Laurent & Evdokimova, Tatiana & Fernandez, Oscar, 2023. "The carrot and the stock: In search of stock-market incentives for decarbonization," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 120(C).
    3. Namasi G. Sankar & Suryadeepto Nag & Siddhartha P. Chakrabarty & Sankarshan Basu, 2024. "The Carbon Premium: Correlation or Causation? Evidence from S&P 500 Companies," Papers 2401.16455, arXiv.org.
    4. Beata Zofia Filipiak & Dorota Wyszkowska, 2022. "Determinants of Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions in European Union Countries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-24, December.
    5. Sankar, Namasi G. & Nag, Suryadeepto & Chakrabarty, Siddhartha P. & Basu, Sankarshan, 2024. "The carbon premium: Correlation or causality? Evidence from S&P 500 companies," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    6. Dirk Broeders & Marleen de Jonge & David Rijsbergen, 2024. "The European Carbon Bond Premium," Working Papers 798, DNB.
    7. Vlad-Cosmin Bulai & Alexandra Horobet & Oana Cristina Popovici & Lucian Belascu & Sofia Adriana Dumitrescu, 2021. "A VaR-Based Methodology for Assessing Carbon Price Risk across European Union Economic Sectors," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-21, December.

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