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Prediction of DC-Link Voltage Switching Ripple in Three-Phase Four-Leg PWM Inverters

Author

Listed:
  • Riccardo Mandrioli

    (Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Information Engineering, University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy)

  • Aleksandr Viatkin

    (Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Information Engineering, University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy)

  • Manel Hammami

    (Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Information Engineering, University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy)

  • Mattia Ricco

    (Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Information Engineering, University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy)

  • Gabriele Grandi

    (Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Information Engineering, University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy)

Abstract

This paper presents a thorough prediction of DC-link voltage switching ripples in the three-phase four-leg inverters operating in balanced and unbalanced working conditions. The unbalanced modes examined here employ the highest degree of AC current imbalance while still preserving three-phase operation. This behavior can be found in many grid-connected or standalone grid-forming three-phase converters that supply “heavy” single-phase loads, comprising a recent trend in smart-grid, smart electric vehicle (EV)-charging applications. In this sense, for instance, the smart EV chargers might be employed in conditions when different power is drawn/injected from/to the grid, providing power conditioning services to the latter. The analysis of three-phase four-leg inverters is then extended to single-phase operations typical of home-charging or vehicle-to-home (V2H) applications. Their performances in terms of DC-link voltage switching ripple are demonstrated. Two of the most common carrier-based PWM modulation techniques are employed to drive the three-phase inverter—namely, sinusoidal PWM and centered PWM (carrier-based analogy of the space vector modulation). The derived mathematical expressions of peak-to-peak and RMS values of DC-link voltage switching ripple for balanced and unbalanced conditions are handy for designing the associated DC-link capacitor and estimating the overall efficiency of the converter. Extensive numerical simulations and experimental tests have been performed to validate the presented analytical developments.

Suggested Citation

  • Riccardo Mandrioli & Aleksandr Viatkin & Manel Hammami & Mattia Ricco & Gabriele Grandi, 2021. "Prediction of DC-Link Voltage Switching Ripple in Three-Phase Four-Leg PWM Inverters," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-26, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:5:p:1434-:d:511352
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Manel Hammami & Riccardo Mandrioli & Aleksandr Viatkin & Mattia Ricco & Gabriele Grandi, 2020. "Analysis of Input Voltage Switching Ripple in Three-Phase Four-Wire Split Capacitor PWM Inverters," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-21, September.
    2. Marija Vujacic & Manel Hammami & Milan Srndovic & Gabriele Grandi, 2018. "Analysis of dc-Link Voltage Switching Ripple in Three-Phase PWM Inverters," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-14, February.
    3. Marija Vujacic & Manel Hammami & Milan Srndovic & Gabriele Grandi, 2017. "Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of Switching Ripple in the DC-Link Voltage of Single-Phase H-Bridge PWM Inverters," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-16, August.
    4. Manel Hammami & Gabriele Rizzoli & Riccardo Mandrioli & Gabriele Grandi, 2018. "Capacitors Voltage Switching Ripple in Three-Phase Three-Level Neutral Point Clamped Inverters with Self-Balancing Carrier-Based Modulation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-20, November.
    5. Riccardo Mandrioli & Aleksandr Viatkin & Manel Hammami & Mattia Ricco & Gabriele Grandi, 2020. "A Comprehensive AC Current Ripple Analysis and Performance Enhancement via Discontinuous PWM in Three-Phase Four-Leg Grid-Connected Inverters," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-32, August.
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