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Using MPC to Balance Intermittent Wind and Solar Power with Hydro Power in Microgrids

Author

Listed:
  • Madhusudhan Pandey

    (Telemark Modeling and Control Center (TMCC), University of South-Eastern Norway (USN), 3918 Porsgrunn, Norway)

  • Dietmar Winkler

    (Telemark Modeling and Control Center (TMCC), University of South-Eastern Norway (USN), 3918 Porsgrunn, Norway)

  • Roshan Sharma

    (Telemark Modeling and Control Center (TMCC), University of South-Eastern Norway (USN), 3918 Porsgrunn, Norway)

  • Bernt Lie

    (Telemark Modeling and Control Center (TMCC), University of South-Eastern Norway (USN), 3918 Porsgrunn, Norway)

Abstract

In a microgrid connected with both intermittent and dispatchable sources, intermittency caused by sources such as solar and wind power plants can be balanced by dispatching hydro power into the grid. Both intermittent generation and consumption are stochastic in nature, not known perfectly, and require future prediction. The stochastic generation and consumption will cause the grid frequency to drift away from a required range. To improve performance, operation should be optimized over some horizon, with the added problem that intermittent power varies randomly into the future. Optimal management of dynamic system over a future horizon with disturbances is often posed as a Model Predictive Control (MPC) problem. In this paper, we have employed an MPC scheme for generating a hydro-turbine valve signal for dispatching necessary hydro power to the intermittent grid and maintaining grid frequency. Parameter sensitivity analysis shows that grid frequency is mostly sensitive to the turbine valve signal. We have found that controller discretization time, grid frequency, and power injection into the grid are interrelated, and play an important role in maintaining the grid frequency within the thresholds. Results also indicate that the fluctuations in grid frequency are insignificant on the turbine valve position during power injection into the grid.

Suggested Citation

  • Madhusudhan Pandey & Dietmar Winkler & Roshan Sharma & Bernt Lie, 2021. "Using MPC to Balance Intermittent Wind and Solar Power with Hydro Power in Microgrids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-28, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:4:p:874-:d:495357
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ingeborg Graabak & Stefan Jaehnert & Magnus Korpås & Birger Mo, 2017. "Norway as a Battery for the Future European Power System—Impacts on the Hydropower System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-25, December.
    2. Graabak, I. & Korpås, M. & Jaehnert, S. & Belsnes, M., 2019. "Balancing future variable wind and solar power production in Central-West Europe with Norwegian hydropower," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 870-882.
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    Cited by:

    1. Madhusudhan Pandey & Dietmar Winkler & Kaspar Vereide & Roshan Sharma & Bernt Lie, 2022. "Mechanistic Model of an Air Cushion Surge Tank for Hydro Power Plants," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-15, April.
    2. Tianyao Zhang & Weibin Huang & Shijun Chen & Yanmei Zhu & Fuxing Kang & Yerong Zhou & Guangwen Ma, 2023. "The Scheduling Research of a Wind-Solar-Hydro Hybrid System Based on a Sand-Table Deduction Model at Ultra-Short-Term Scales," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-18, April.
    3. Yongqi Zhao & Jiajia Chen, 2021. "A Quantitative Risk-Averse Model for Optimal Management of Multi-Source Standalone Microgrid with Demand Response and Pumped Hydro Storage," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-17, May.
    4. Zhao, Jing & Yang, Zilan & Shi, Linyu & Liu, Dehan & Li, Haonan & Mi, Yumiao & Wang, Hongbin & Feng, Meili & Hutagaol, Timothy Joseph, 2024. "Photovoltaic capacity dynamic tracking model predictive control strategy of air-conditioning systems with consideration of flexible loads," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 356(C).

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