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Impact of Inverter Based Resources on System Protection

Author

Listed:
  • Aboutaleb Haddadi

    (Grid Operations and Planning Group, Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA)

  • Evangelos Farantatos

    (Grid Operations and Planning Group, Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA)

  • Ilhan Kocar

    (Polytechnique Montreal, Electrical Engineering Department, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada)

  • Ulas Karaagac

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong)

Abstract

Inverter-based resources (IBRs) exhibit different short-circuit characteristics compared to traditional synchronous generators (SGs). Hence, increased uptake of IBRs in the power system is expected to impact the performance of traditional protective relay schemes—set under the assumption of a SG-dominated power system. Protection engineers need to study these challenges and develop remedial solutions ensuring the effectiveness of system protection under higher levels of IBRs. To address this need, this paper studies the impact of IBRs on a variety of protective relay schemes including line distance protection, memory-polarized zero sequence directional protective relay element, negative sequence quantities-based protection, line current differential protection, phase comparison protection, rate-of-change-of-frequency, and power swing detection. For each protection function, potential misoperation scenarios are identified, and recommendations are provided to address the misoperation issue. The objective is to provide an improved understanding of the way IBRs may negatively impact the performance of traditional protection schemes as a first step towards developing future remedial solutions ensuring effective protection under high share of IBRs.

Suggested Citation

  • Aboutaleb Haddadi & Evangelos Farantatos & Ilhan Kocar & Ulas Karaagac, 2021. "Impact of Inverter Based Resources on System Protection," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-21, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:4:p:1050-:d:500884
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Dillan Kyle Ockhuis & Maarten Kamper, 2021. "Potential of Slip Synchronous Wind Turbine Systems: Grid Support and Mechanical Load Mitigation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-15, August.
    2. Sachintha Kariyawasam & Jagannath Wijekoon & Athula Rajapakse, 2023. "Assessment of the Performance of Phasor-Based and Transients-Based Faulted Phase Identification Techniques in the Presence of Inverter Interfaced Resources," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-21, January.
    3. Juan Dolado Fernández & Joaquín Eloy-Garcia & Santiago Arnaltes & Jose Luis Rodríguez-Amenedo, 2023. "Sequence Control Strategy for Grid-Forming Voltage Source Converters Based on the Virtual-Flux Orientation under Balanced and Unbalanced Faults," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-24, March.
    4. Saif Ul Islam & Soobae Kim, 2023. "Design of an Optimal Adoptive Fault Ride through Scheme for Overcurrent Protection of Grid-Forming Inverter-Based Resources under Symmetrical Faults," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-18, April.
    5. Murillo Cobe Vargas & Oureste Elias Batista & Yongheng Yang, 2023. "Estimation Method of Short-Circuit Current Contribution of Inverter-Based Resources for Symmetrical Faults," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-27, March.

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