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Interpretation of Gas/Water Relative Permeability of Coal Using the Hybrid Bayesian-Assisted History Matching: New Insights

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  • Jiyuan Zhang

    (Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas Development, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
    School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China)

  • Bin Zhang

    (Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas Development, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
    School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China)

  • Shiqian Xu

    (Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas Development, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
    School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China)

  • Qihong Feng

    (Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas Development, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
    School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China)

  • Xianmin Zhang

    (Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas Development, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
    School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China)

  • Derek Elsworth

    (Department of Energy and Mineral Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA 16802, USA
    EMS Energy Institute, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA 16802, USA
    G3 Center, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA 16802, USA)

Abstract

The relative permeability of coal to gas and water exerts a profound influence on fluid transport in coal seams in both primary and enhanced coalbed methane (ECBM) recovery processes where multiphase flow occurs. Unsteady-state core-flooding tests interpreted by the Johnson–Bossler–Naumann (JBN) method are commonly used to obtain the relative permeability of coal. However, the JBN method fails to capture multiple gas–water–coal interaction mechanisms, which inevitably results in inaccurate estimations of relative permeability. This paper proposes an improved assisted history matching framework using the Bayesian adaptive direct search (BADS) algorithm to interpret the relative permeability of coal from unsteady-state flooding test data. The validation results show that the BADS algorithm is significantly faster than previous algorithms in terms of convergence speed. The proposed method can accurately reproduce the true relative permeability curves without a presumption of the endpoint saturations given a small end-effect number of <0.56. As a comparison, the routine JBN method produces abnormal interpretation results (with the estimated connate water saturation ≈33% higher than and the endpoint water/gas relative permeability only ≈0.02 of the true value) under comparable conditions. The proposed framework is a promising computationally effective alternative to the JBN method to accurately derive relative permeability relations for gas–water–coal systems with multiple fluid–rock interaction mechanisms.

Suggested Citation

  • Jiyuan Zhang & Bin Zhang & Shiqian Xu & Qihong Feng & Xianmin Zhang & Derek Elsworth, 2021. "Interpretation of Gas/Water Relative Permeability of Coal Using the Hybrid Bayesian-Assisted History Matching: New Insights," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-19, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:3:p:626-:d:487344
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Charles Audet & J. Dennis & Sébastien Digabel, 2010. "Globalization strategies for Mesh Adaptive Direct Search," Computational Optimization and Applications, Springer, vol. 46(2), pages 193-215, June.
    2. Maureen Austin-Adigio & Ian D. Gates, 2020. "Thermal Viscous Fingering in Thermal Recovery Processes," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-20, September.
    3. Shaicheng Shen & Zhiming Fang & Xiaochun Li, 2020. "Laboratory Measurements of the Relative Permeability of Coal: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-24, October.
    4. Jiyuan Zhang & Qihong Feng & Xianmin Zhang & Qiujia Hu & Jiaosheng Yang & Ning Wang, 2020. "A Novel Data-Driven Method to Estimate Methane Adsorption Isotherm on Coals Using the Gradient Boosting Decision Tree: A Case Study in the Qinshui Basin, China," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-21, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Qingzhong Zhu & Yanhui Yang & Xueying Zhang & Sanshuai Wang & Jinzhao Yang & Jiyuan Zhang, 2022. "Pore-Scale Simulation of Gas and Water Two-Phase Flow in Rough-Walled Fractures Using the Volume of Fluid Method," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-15, December.
    2. Suyang Zhu & Alireza Salmachi, 2021. "Flowing Material Balance and Rate-Transient Analysis of Horizontal Wells in Under-Saturated Coal Seam Gas Reservoirs: A Case Study from the Qinshui Basin, China," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-24, August.

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