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Dynamic Modelling and Validation of an Air-to-Water Reversible R744 Heat Pump for High Energy Demand Buildings

Author

Listed:
  • Paolo Artuso

    (Construction Technologies Institute (ITC), National Research Council (CNR), 35127 Padova, Italy)

  • Giacomo Tosato

    (Enex S.r.l., 31038 Padernello, Italy)

  • Antonio Rossetti

    (Construction Technologies Institute (ITC), National Research Council (CNR), 35127 Padova, Italy)

  • Sergio Marinetti

    (Construction Technologies Institute (ITC), National Research Council (CNR), 35127 Padova, Italy)

  • Armin Hafner

    (Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 246, Kolbjørn Hejes vei 1, 7034 Trondheim, Norway)

  • Krzysztof Banasiak

    (SINTEF Energy Research, Kolbjørn Hejes vei 1, 7034 Trondheim, Norway)

  • Silvia Minetto

    (Construction Technologies Institute (ITC), National Research Council (CNR), 35127 Padova, Italy)

Abstract

This paper presents a reversible heat pump based on CO 2 as the refrigerant, able to provide heating, cooling, and domestic hot water to high energy demand buildings. The unit was developed and tested under the EU H2020 project MultiPACK, which has the main goal of assuring the market about the feasibility, reliability, and energy efficiency of CO 2 integrated systems for heating and cooling and promoting a fast transition to low environmental impact solutions. Within the project, the confidence raising was performed by installation and monitoring of fully integrated state-of-the art CO 2 systems in the Southern European Climate. With the aim of predicting the unit behaviour under variable load and boundary conditions, a dynamic model of the entire unit was developed with commercial software, considering actual components and the implemented control system and it was validated with experimental data, collected at the factory’s lab before commissioning. The validation against experimental data collected during operation as a heat pump demonstrated a maximum percentage difference between the experimental and predicted value of gas–cooler heat flow rate equal to +5.0%. A preliminary comparison with the experimental data in chiller configuration is reported, however further development was required to achieve a satisfactory validation. Lastly, the numerical model was utilized to simulate a typical operation in heat pump configuration with the system coupled with a hot water tank storage for the production of domestic hot water and space heating; the model predicts higher COP when operating in domestic hot water operation due to the lower water inlet temperature.

Suggested Citation

  • Paolo Artuso & Giacomo Tosato & Antonio Rossetti & Sergio Marinetti & Armin Hafner & Krzysztof Banasiak & Silvia Minetto, 2021. "Dynamic Modelling and Validation of an Air-to-Water Reversible R744 Heat Pump for High Energy Demand Buildings," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-25, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:24:p:8238-:d:697189
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Paride Gullo & Armin Hafner & Krzysztof Banasiak & Silvia Minetto & Ekaterini E. Kriezi, 2019. "Multi-Ejector Concept: A Comprehensive Review on its Latest Technological Developments," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-29, January.
    2. M. Gräber & K. Kosowski & C. Richter & W. Tegethoff, 2010. "Modelling of heat pumps with an object-oriented model library for thermodynamic systems," Mathematical and Computer Modelling of Dynamical Systems, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 16(3), pages 195-209, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Volodymyr Voloshchuk & Paride Gullo & Eugene Nikiforovich, 2023. "Advanced Exergy Analysis of Ultra-Low GWP Reversible Heat Pumps for Residential Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-17, January.
    2. Paul Byrne, 2022. "Research Summary and Literature Review on Modelling and Simulation of Heat Pumps for Simultaneous Heating and Cooling for Buildings," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-43, May.
    3. Piotr Duda & Mariusz Konieczny, 2022. "An Iterative Algorithm for the Estimation of Thermal Boundary Conditions Varying in Both Time and Space," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-13, April.
    4. Paul Byrne, 2022. "Modelling and Simulation of Heat Pumps for Simultaneous Heating and Cooling, a Special Issue," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-2, August.

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