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Conversion of Sewage Sludge and Other Biodegradable Waste into High-Value Soil Amendment within a Circular Bioeconomy Perspective

Author

Listed:
  • Ewa Neczaj

    (Faculty of Infrastructure and Environment, Czestochowa University of Technology, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland)

  • Anna Grosser

    (Faculty of Infrastructure and Environment, Czestochowa University of Technology, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland)

  • Anna Grobelak

    (Faculty of Infrastructure and Environment, Czestochowa University of Technology, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland)

  • Piotr Celary

    (Central Laboratory for Measurements and Research, 44-335 Jastrzebie-Zdroj, Poland)

  • Bal Ram Singh

    (Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life, 1433 Ås, Norway)

Abstract

Resource recovery from biodegradable waste is essential in order to reach the goals of zero circular economy waste generation and zero greenhouse gas emissions from the waste sector. Waste whose management is a real challenge is sewage sludge, mainly because of high concentrations of heavy metals. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of material stabilization during aerobic stabilization of two feedstocks with sewage sludge obtained from different sources, namely, digestate from a municipal wastewater treatment plant and digestate from a co-digestion process. Moreover, the goal of the experiment was to assess the quality of compost in terms of remediation potential. The composting process was carried out for four different mixtures consisting of the mentioned digestates, municipal solid waste, and grass. A better composting efficiency with digestate from the co-digestion process was observed. In that case, a higher temperature in the thermophilic phase (>55 °C) and a higher organic matter loss ratio (60%) were obtained as compared to the process with digestate from wastewater treatment plant. Taking into account the fertilizing properties and the concentration of heavy metals, all obtained composts met the requirements set out in the Polish Regulation for organic fertilizers. Only the content of Helminth eggs in the composts produced with the digestate from the wastewater treatment plant was above the acceptable level. The research also proved that the produced composts can be used in the phytoremediation process of the degraded area. It was found that all composts caused a significant increase in fescue biomass. The highest yield was achieved for compost produced from a mixture with the addition of 30% sewage sludge from the co-digestion process.

Suggested Citation

  • Ewa Neczaj & Anna Grosser & Anna Grobelak & Piotr Celary & Bal Ram Singh, 2021. "Conversion of Sewage Sludge and Other Biodegradable Waste into High-Value Soil Amendment within a Circular Bioeconomy Perspective," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-17, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:21:p:6953-:d:662407
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Konstantia-Ekaterini Lasaridi & Thrassyvoulos Manios & Stamatis Stamatiadis & Christina Chroni & Adamantini Kyriacou, 2018. "The Evaluation of Hazards to Man and the Environment during the Composting of Sewage Sludge," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-13, July.
    2. Aisha Al-Rumaihi & Gordon McKay & Hamish R. Mackey & Tareq Al-Ansari, 2020. "Environmental Impact Assessment of Food Waste Management Using Two Composting Techniques," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-23, February.
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    2. Koppiahraj Karuppiah & Bathrinath Sankaranarayanan & Syed Mithun Ali & Ernesto D. R. Santibanez Gonzalez, 2023. "Impact of Circular Bioeconomy on Industry’s Sustainable Performance: A Critical Literature Review and Future Research Directions Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-17, July.

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