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Integrated Unfold-PCA Monitoring Application for Smart Buildings: An AHU Application Example

Author

Listed:
  • Llorenç Burgas

    (Department of Electrical, Electronic and Automatic Engineering, University of Girona, 17004 Girona, Spain)

  • Joan Colomer

    (Department of Electrical, Electronic and Automatic Engineering, University of Girona, 17004 Girona, Spain)

  • Joaquim Melendez

    (Department of Electrical, Electronic and Automatic Engineering, University of Girona, 17004 Girona, Spain)

  • Francisco Ignacio Gamero

    (Department of Electrical, Electronic and Automatic Engineering, University of Girona, 17004 Girona, Spain)

  • Sergio Herraiz

    (Department of Electrical, Electronic and Automatic Engineering, University of Girona, 17004 Girona, Spain)

Abstract

This paper presents a complete methodology, together with its implementation as a web application, for monitoring smart buildings. The approach uses unfold-Principal Component Analysis (unfold-PCA) as a batch projection method and two statistics, Hotelling’s T-squared ( T 2 ) and the squared prediction error ( SPE ), for alarm generation resulting in two simple control charts independently on the number of variables involved. The method consists of modelling the normal operating conditions of a building (entire building, room or subsystem) with latent variables described expressing the principal components. Thus, the method allows detecting faults and misbehaviour as a deviation of previously mentioned statistics from their statistical thresholds. Once a fault or misbehaviour is detected, the isolation of sensors that mostly contribute to such detection is proposed as a first step for diagnosis. The methodology has been implemented under a SaaS (software as a service) approach to be offered to multiple buildings as an on-line application for facility managers. The application is general enough to be used for monitoring complete buildings, or parts of them, using on-line data. A complete example of use for monitoring the performance of the air handling unit of a lecture theatre is presented as demonstrative example and results are discussed

Suggested Citation

  • Llorenç Burgas & Joan Colomer & Joaquim Melendez & Francisco Ignacio Gamero & Sergio Herraiz, 2021. "Integrated Unfold-PCA Monitoring Application for Smart Buildings: An AHU Application Example," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-15, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:1:p:235-:d:474701
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gaitani, N. & Lehmann, C. & Santamouris, M. & Mihalakakou, G. & Patargias, P., 2010. "Using principal component and cluster analysis in the heating evaluation of the school building sector," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(6), pages 2079-2086, June.
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    Cited by:

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