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Case Study of Load Matching and Energy Cost for Net-Zero Energy Houses in Korea

Author

Listed:
  • Hee-Won Lim

    (Department of Architectural Engineering, Daejeon University, Daejeon 34520, Korea)

  • Ji-Hyeon Kim

    (Department of Architectural Engineering, Daejeon University, Daejeon 34520, Korea)

  • Hyeun-Seung Lee

    (Korea Institute of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment, Seoul 05066, Korea)

  • U-Cheul Shin

    (Department of Architectural Engineering, Daejeon University, Daejeon 34520, Korea)

Abstract

Over the past 20 years, net-zero energy house (NZEH) construction costs have steadily decreased because of many reasons, such as technical progress, energy-saving design obligations, and dramatic cost reductions in renewable energy systems, especially solar power systems. Currently, the costs of NZEH are estimated to be about 5% higher than similar-sized houses. These additional costs are mainly for installing PV systems, which can be offset by energy saving costs. This study assessed energy performance and load matching through remote monitoring systems, and energy costs were analyzed for two-family houses. The two houses were all-electric houses and different in both size and location. A 6 kWp grid-connected PV system and 16 kW air source heat pump for space heating and domestic hot water were equally implemented. After data analysis, 100% of the energies were supplied through the PV system for 3 years, thus achieving net-zero energy. According to the Korean residential electricity tariff system, the annual electricity charges were, on average, between USD 105.1 and USD 121.4 after adding demand charges and value-added tax for import electricity charges. The energy cost reduction rate, compared to the same house without a PV system, was about 95%, and the simple payback period of the 6 kW PV system in NZEH was about 6 years. In addition, the annual load cover factor and supply cover factor as load-match indices between electricity generation and the load were in a range of 0.39–0.49 and 0.37–0.42, respectively.

Suggested Citation

  • Hee-Won Lim & Ji-Hyeon Kim & Hyeun-Seung Lee & U-Cheul Shin, 2021. "Case Study of Load Matching and Energy Cost for Net-Zero Energy Houses in Korea," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-11, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:19:p:6407-:d:651248
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Piotr Kowalski & Paweł Szałański & Wojciech Cepiński, 2021. "Waste Heat Recovery by Air-to-Water Heat Pump from Exhausted Ventilating Air for Heating of Multi-Family Residential Buildings," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-17, November.

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