IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v14y2021i19p6053-d641113.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Medical Peat Waste Upcycling to Carbonized Solid Fuel in the Torrefaction Process

Author

Listed:
  • Kacper Świechowski

    (Department of Applied Bioeconomy, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 37a Chełmońskiego Str., 51-630 Wrocław, Poland)

  • Małgorzata Leśniak

    (Department of Applied Bioeconomy, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 37a Chełmońskiego Str., 51-630 Wrocław, Poland)

  • Andrzej Białowiec

    (Department of Applied Bioeconomy, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 37a Chełmońskiego Str., 51-630 Wrocław, Poland)

Abstract

Peat is the main type of peloid used in Polish cosmetic/healing spa facilities. Depending on treatment and origin, peat waste can be contaminated microbiologically, and as a result, it must be incinerated in medical waste incineration plants without energy recovery (local law). Such a situation leads to peat waste management costs increase. Therefore, in this work, we checked the possibility of peat waste upcycling to carbonized solid fuel (CSF) using torrefaction. Torrefaction is a thermal treatment process that removes microbiological contamination and improves the fuel properties of peat waste. In this work, the torrefaction conditions (temperature and time) on CSF quality were tested. Parallelly, peat decomposition kinetics using TGA and torrefaction kinetics with lifetime prediction using macro-TGA were determined. Furthermore, torrefaction theoretical mass and energy balance were determined. The results were compared with reference material (wood), and as a result, obtained data can be used to adjust currently used wood torrefaction technologies for peat torrefaction. The results show that torrefaction improves the high heating value of peat waste from 19.0 to 21.3 MJ × kg −1 , peat main decomposition takes place at 200–550 °C following second reaction order ( n = 2), with an activation energy of 33.34 kJ × mol −1 , and pre-exponential factor of 4.40 × 10 −1 s −1 . Moreover, differential scanning calorimetry analysis revealed that peat torrefaction required slightly more energy than wood torrefaction, and macro-TGA showed that peat torrefaction has lower torrefaction constant reaction rates (k) than wood 1.05 × 10 −5 –3.15 × 10 −5 vs. 1.43 × 10 −5 –7.25 × 10 −5 s −1 .

Suggested Citation

  • Kacper Świechowski & Małgorzata Leśniak & Andrzej Białowiec, 2021. "Medical Peat Waste Upcycling to Carbonized Solid Fuel in the Torrefaction Process," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-20, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:19:p:6053-:d:641113
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/19/6053/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/19/6053/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Tomasz Noszczyk & Arkadiusz Dyjakon & Jacek A. Koziel, 2021. "Kinetic Parameters of Nut Shells Pyrolysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-22, January.
    2. Arkadiusz Dyjakon & Tomasz Noszczyk, 2020. "Alternative Fuels from Forestry Biomass Residue: Torrefaction Process of Horse Chestnuts, Oak Acorns, and Spruce Cones," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-19, May.
    3. Kacper Świechowski & Martyna Hnat & Paweł Stępień & Sylwia Stegenta-Dąbrowska & Szymon Kugler & Jacek A. Koziel & Andrzej Białowiec, 2020. "Waste to Energy: Solid Fuel Production from Biogas Plant Digestate and Sewage Sludge by Torrefaction-Process Kinetics, Fuel Properties, and Energy Balance," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-37, June.
    4. Zhang, Congyu & Ho, Shih-Hsin & Chen, Wei-Hsin & Xie, Youping & Liu, Zhenquan & Chang, Jo-Shu, 2018. "Torrefaction performance and energy usage of biomass wastes and their correlations with torrefaction severity index," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 220(C), pages 598-604.
    5. Monika Słupska & Arkadiusz Dyjakon & Roman Stopa, 2019. "Determination of Strength Properties of Energy Plants on the Example of Miscanthus × Giganteus , Rosa Multiflora and Salix Viminalis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-19, September.
    6. Rudolfsson, Magnus & Borén, Eleonora & Pommer, Linda & Nordin, Anders & Lestander, Torbjörn A., 2017. "Combined effects of torrefaction and pelletization parameters on the quality of pellets produced from torrefied biomass," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 191(C), pages 414-424.
    7. Nizamuddin, Sabzoi & Baloch, Humair Ahmed & Griffin, G.J. & Mubarak, N.M. & Bhutto, Abdul Waheed & Abro, Rashid & Mazari, Shaukat Ali & Ali, Brahim Si, 2017. "An overview of effect of process parameters on hydrothermal carbonization of biomass," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 1289-1299.
    8. Ewa Syguła & Kacper Świechowski & Małgorzata Hejna & Ines Kunaszyk & Andrzej Białowiec, 2021. "Municipal Solid Waste Thermal Analysis—Pyrolysis Kinetics and Decomposition Reactions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-27, July.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Georgios Giakoumakis & Dorothea Politi & Dimitrios Sidiras, 2021. "Medical Waste Treatment Technologies for Energy, Fuels, and Materials Production: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-30, December.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ewa Syguła & Kacper Świechowski & Małgorzata Hejna & Ines Kunaszyk & Andrzej Białowiec, 2021. "Municipal Solid Waste Thermal Analysis—Pyrolysis Kinetics and Decomposition Reactions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-27, July.
    2. Yang, Yantao & Qu, Xia & Huang, Guorun & Ren, Suxia & Dong, Lili & Sun, Tanglei & Liu, Peng & Li, Yanling & Lei, Tingzhou & Cai, Junmeng, 2023. "Insight into lignocellulosic biomass torrefaction kinetics with case study of pinewood sawdust torrefaction," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 215(C).
    3. Rudolfsson, Magnus & Larsson, Sylvia H. & Lestander, Torbjörn A., 2017. "New tool for improved control of sub-process interactions in rotating ring die pelletizing of torrefied biomass," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C), pages 835-840.
    4. Zhang, Congyu & Chen, Wei-Hsin & Saravanakumar, Ayyadurai & Lin, Kun-Yi Andrew & Zhang, Ying, 2024. "Comparison of torrefaction and hydrothermal carbonization of high-moisture microalgal feedstock," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 225(C).
    5. Hamid Gilvari & Wiebren De Jong & Dingena L. Schott, 2020. "The Effect of Biomass Pellet Length, Test Conditions and Torrefaction on Mechanical Durability Characteristics According to ISO Standard 17831-1," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-16, June.
    6. Carlos T. Hiranobe & Andressa S. Gomes & Fábio F. G. Paiva & Gabrieli R. Tolosa & Leonardo L. Paim & Guilherme Dognani & Guilherme P. Cardim & Henrique P. Cardim & Renivaldo J. dos Santos & Flávio C. , 2024. "Sugarcane Bagasse: Challenges and Opportunities for Waste Recycling," Clean Technol., MDPI, vol. 6(2), pages 1-38, June.
    7. Devaraja, Udya Madhavi Aravindi & Senadheera, Sachini Supunsala & Gunarathne, Duleeka Sandamali, 2022. "Torrefaction severity and performance of Rubberwood and Gliricidia," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C), pages 1341-1353.
    8. Agar, David A. & Rudolfsson, Magnus & Lavergne, Simon & Melkior, Thierry & Da Silva Perez, Denilson & Dupont, Capucine & Campargue, Matthieu & Kalén, Gunnar & Larsson, Sylvia H., 2021. "Pelleting torrefied biomass at pilot-scale – Quality and implications for co-firing," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 178(C), pages 766-774.
    9. Barta-Rajnai, E. & Wang, L. & Sebestyén, Z. & Barta, Z. & Khalil, R. & Skreiberg, Ø. & Grønli, M. & Jakab, E. & Czégény, Z., 2017. "Comparative study on the thermal behavior of untreated and various torrefied bark, stem wood, and stump of Norway spruce," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 204(C), pages 1043-1054.
    10. Xing, Zhou & Ping, Zhou & Xiqiang, Zhao & Zhanlong, Song & Wenlong, Wang & Jing, Sun & Yanpeng, Mao, 2021. "Applicability of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) system integrated with pre-drying or torrefaction for flue gas waste heat recovery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 224(C).
    11. Wang, Liping & Chang, Yuzhi & Li, Aimin, 2019. "Hydrothermal carbonization for energy-efficient processing of sewage sludge: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 423-440.
    12. Dhananjay Bhatt & Ankita Shrestha & Raj Kumar Dahal & Bishnu Acharya & Prabir Basu & Richard MacEwen, 2018. "Hydrothermal Carbonization of Biosolids from Waste Water Treatment Plant," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-10, August.
    13. Stolarski, Mariusz J. & Dudziec, Paweł & Krzyżaniak, Michał & Graban, Łukasz & Lajszner, Waldemar & Olba–Zięty, Ewelina, 2024. "How do key for the bioenergy industry properties of baled biomass change over two years of storage?," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 224(C).
    14. Siwal, Samarjeet Singh & Zhang, Qibo & Devi, Nishu & Saini, Adesh Kumar & Saini, Vipin & Pareek, Bhawna & Gaidukovs, Sergejs & Thakur, Vijay Kumar, 2021. "Recovery processes of sustainable energy using different biomass and wastes," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 150(C).
    15. Galina Nyashina & Pavel Strizhak, 2018. "Impact of Forest Fuels on Gas Emissions in Coal Slurry Fuel Combustion," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-16, September.
    16. Kostyniuk, Andrii & Likozar, Blaž, 2024. "Wet torrefaction of biomass waste into high quality hydrochar and value-added liquid products using different zeolite catalysts," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
    17. Zhang, Congyu & Yang, Wu & Chen, Wei-Hsin & Ho, Shih-Hsin & Pétrissans, Anelie & Pétrissans, Mathieu, 2022. "Effect of torrefaction on the structure and reactivity of rice straw as well as life cycle assessment of torrefaction process," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 240(C).
    18. Alexander Gorshkov & Nikolay Berezikov & Albert Kaltaev & Stanislav Yankovsky & Konstantin Slyusarsky & Roman Tabakaev & Kirill Larionov, 2021. "Analysis of the Physicochemical Characteristics of Biochar Obtained by Slow Pyrolysis of Nut Shells in a Nitrogen Atmosphere," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-18, December.
    19. Campbell, William A. & Coller, Amy & Evitts, Richard W., 2019. "Comparing severity of continuous torrefaction for five biomass with a wide range of bulk density and particle size," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 964-972.
    20. Xie, Xiaodi & Peng, Chao & Song, Xinyu & Peng, Nana & Gai, Chao, 2022. "Pyrolysis kinetics of the hydrothermal carbons derived from microwave-assisted hydrothermal carbonization of food waste digestate," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 245(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:19:p:6053-:d:641113. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.