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Application-Oriented Reactive Power Management in German Distribution Systems Using Decentralized Energy Resources

Author

Listed:
  • Haonan Wang

    (Division Grid Planning and Grid Operation, Fraunhofer Institute for Energy Economics and Energy System Technology, Koenigstor 59, 34119 Kassel, Germany)

  • Markus Kraiczy

    (Division Grid Planning and Grid Operation, Fraunhofer Institute for Energy Economics and Energy System Technology, Koenigstor 59, 34119 Kassel, Germany)

  • Denis Mende

    (Division Grid Planning and Grid Operation, Fraunhofer Institute for Energy Economics and Energy System Technology, Koenigstor 59, 34119 Kassel, Germany)

  • Sebastian Stöcklein

    (Bayernwerk Netz GmbH, Lilienthalstraße 7, 93049 Regensburg, Germany)

  • Martin Braun

    (Division Grid Planning and Grid Operation, Fraunhofer Institute for Energy Economics and Energy System Technology, Koenigstor 59, 34119 Kassel, Germany
    Department of Energy Management and Power System Operation, University of Kassel, Wilhelmshoeher Allee 73, 34121 Kassel, Germany)

Abstract

Due to higher penetration of renewable energy sources, grid reinforcements, and the utilization of local voltage control strategies, a significant change in the reactive power behavior as well as an increased demand for additional reactive power flexibility in the German power system can be predicted. In this paper, an application-oriented reactive power management concept is proposed, which allows distribution system operators (DSO) to enable a certain amount of reactive power flexibility at the grid interfaces while supporting voltage imitations in the grid. To evaluate its feasibility, the proposed concept is applied for real medium voltage grids in the south of Germany and is investigated comprehensively in different case studies. The results prove the feasibility and reliability of the proposed concept, which allows the DSO to control the reactive power exchange at grid interfaces without causing undesired local voltage problems. In addition, it can be simply adjusted and widely applied in real distribution grids without requiring high investment costs for complex information and communication infrastructures. As a significant contribution, this study provides an ideal bridging solution for DSOs who are facing reactive power issues but have no detailed and advanced monitoring system for their grid. Moreover, the comprehensive investigations in this study are performed in close cooperation with a German DSO, based on a detailed grid model and real measurement data.

Suggested Citation

  • Haonan Wang & Markus Kraiczy & Denis Mende & Sebastian Stöcklein & Martin Braun, 2021. "Application-Oriented Reactive Power Management in German Distribution Systems Using Decentralized Energy Resources," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-23, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:16:p:4949-:d:613470
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. David Sebastian Stock & Francesco Sala & Alberto Berizzi & Lutz Hofmann, 2018. "Optimal Control of Wind Farms for Coordinated TSO-DSO Reactive Power Management," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-25, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Giulio Ferro & Michela Robba & Roberto Sacile, 2021. "Optimal Control of Smart Distributed Power and Energy Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-2, December.

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