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Calculation of the Shading Factors for Solar Modules with MATLAB

Author

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  • Martín Silva

    (Research and Development Group on Geotechnologies and Energy, Engineering Faculty, National University of Mar del Plata (UNMdP), Av. Juan B. Justo 4302, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires B7608FDQ, Argentina)

  • Justo Jose Roberts

    (Research and Development Group on Geotechnologies and Energy, Engineering Faculty, National University of Mar del Plata (UNMdP), Av. Juan B. Justo 4302, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires B7608FDQ, Argentina)

  • Pedro Osvaldo Prado

    (Research and Development Group on Geotechnologies and Energy, Engineering Faculty, National University of Mar del Plata (UNMdP), Av. Juan B. Justo 4302, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires B7608FDQ, Argentina)

Abstract

Shadows severely affect the performance of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems. A proper description of this effect is useful for sizing and simulating PV systems when shadows cannot be avoided. Shading factors represent the basis for simulating the effect of shadows on solar modules. These factors can be used to estimate shading losses, calculate their I-V and P-V curves under shading conditions, or develop new maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques. Open-source libraries focused on solar energy have gained popularity in recent years. One of the currently most popular ones is the PV_LIB toolbox initially developed by Sandia Laboratories. PV_LIB significantly facilitates solar energy calculations. However, it currently lacks functions for taking into account shaded conditions. In this paper, a detailed Matlab-based method for calculating the shading factors is provided. The method has been used for elaborating a toolbox for shading calculations. The current work could help extend the functionalities of the PV_LIB toolbox. The results were compared against other currently popular computer programs, namely the System Advisor Model (SAM) and PVsyst. With this method, it is also possible to calculate shading factors with smaller time steps than possible with the mentioned programs. This work also shows the importance of using small time steps and how this can affect the accuracy of the calculated shading factors. The contribution of this work is providing a way of quantifying shadow losses in PV systems with Matlab, allowing for better accuracy, flexibility, and transparency during the calculation. The functions developed in this work can be accessed by contacting the authors.

Suggested Citation

  • Martín Silva & Justo Jose Roberts & Pedro Osvaldo Prado, 2021. "Calculation of the Shading Factors for Solar Modules with MATLAB," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-23, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:15:p:4713-:d:607767
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Martin A. Green, 2016. "Commercial progress and challenges for photovoltaics," Nature Energy, Nature, vol. 1(1), pages 1-4, January.
    2. J. C. Teo & Rodney H. G. Tan & V. H. Mok & Vigna K. Ramachandaramurthy & ChiaKwang Tan, 2018. "Impact of Partial Shading on the P-V Characteristics and the Maximum Power of a Photovoltaic String," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-22, July.
    3. Ellabban, Omar & Abu-Rub, Haitham & Blaabjerg, Frede, 2014. "Renewable energy resources: Current status, future prospects and their enabling technology," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 39(C), pages 748-764.
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    Cited by:

    1. Baek, Jieun & Choi, Yosoon, 2023. "Optimal installation and operation planning of parking spaces for solar-powered electric vehicles using hemispherical images," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 219(P1).
    2. Azaioud, Hakim & Farnam, Arash & Knockaert, Jos & Vandevelde, Lieven & Desmet, Jan, 2024. "Efficiency optimisation and converterless PV integration by applying a dynamic voltage on an LVDC backbone," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 356(C).
    3. Vytautas Bocullo & Linas Martišauskas & Darius Pupeikis & Ramūnas Gatautis & Rytis Venčaitis & Rimantas Bakas, 2023. "UAV Photogrammetry Application for Determining the Influence of Shading on Solar Photovoltaic Array Energy Efficiency," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-19, January.
    4. Zainali, Sebastian & Ma Lu, Silvia & Stridh, Bengt & Avelin, Anders & Amaducci, Stefano & Colauzzi, Michele & Campana, Pietro Elia, 2023. "Direct and diffuse shading factors modelling for the most representative agrivoltaic system layouts," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 339(C).
    5. Dušan Katunský & Marián Vertaľ & Erika Dolníková & Silvia Zozuláková & Kristián Hutkai & Zuzana Dická, 2022. "Mutual Interaction of Daylight and Overheating in the Attic Space in Summer Time," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-25, November.

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    Keywords

    solar; shadows; Matlab; SAM; PVsyst;
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