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Operating Cost Reduction in Distribution Networks Based on the Optimal Phase-Swapping including the Costs of the Working Groups and Energy Losses

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  • Oscar Danilo Montoya

    (Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, Bogotá 110231, Colombia
    Laboratorio Inteligente de Energía, Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar, Cartagena 131001, Colombia)

  • Jorge Alexander Alarcon-Villamil

    (Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, Bogotá 110231, Colombia)

  • Jesus C. Hernández

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Campus Lagunillas s/n, University of Jaén, Edificio A3, 23071 Jaén, Spain)

Abstract

The problem of optimal phase-balancing in three-phase asymmetric distribution networks is addressed in this research from the point of view of combinatorial optimization using a master–slave optimization approach. The master stage employs an improved sine cosine algorithm (ISCA), which is entrusted with determining the load reconfiguration at each node. The slave stage evaluates the energy losses for each set of load connections provided by the master stage by implementing the triangular-based power flow method. The mathematical model that was solved using the ISCA is designed to minimize the annual operating costs of the three-phase network. These costs include the annual costs of the energy losses, considering daily active and reactive power curves, as well as the costs of the working groups tasked with the implementation of the phase-balancing plan at each node. The peak load scenario was evaluated for a 15-bus test system to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed ISCA in reducing the power loss (18.66%) compared with optimization methods such as genetic algorithm (18.64%), the classical sine cosine algorithm (18.42%), black-hole optimizer (18.38%), and vortex search algorithm (18.59%). The IEEE 37-bus system was employed to determine the annual total costs of the network before and after implementing the phase-balancing plan provided by the proposed ISCA. The annual operative costs were reduced by about 13% with respect to the benchmark case, with investments between USD 2100 and USD 2200 in phase-balancing activities developed by the working groups. In addition, the positive effects of implementing the phase-balancing plan were evidenced in the voltage performance of the IEEE 37-bus system by improving the voltage regulation with a maximum of 4% in the whole network from an initial regulation of 6.30 % . All numerical validations were performed in the MATLAB programming environment.

Suggested Citation

  • Oscar Danilo Montoya & Jorge Alexander Alarcon-Villamil & Jesus C. Hernández, 2021. "Operating Cost Reduction in Distribution Networks Based on the Optimal Phase-Swapping including the Costs of the Working Groups and Energy Losses," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-22, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:15:p:4535-:d:602343
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Brandon Cortés-Caicedo & Laura Sofía Avellaneda-Gómez & Oscar Danilo Montoya & Lazaro Alvarado-Barrios & Harold R. Chamorro, 2021. "Application of the Vortex Search Algorithm to the Phase-Balancing Problem in Distribution Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-35, February.
    2. Lueken, Colleen & Carvalho, Pedro M.S. & Apt, Jay, 2012. "Distribution grid reconfiguration reduces power losses and helps integrate renewables," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 260-273.
    3. Walter Gil-González & Oscar Danilo Montoya & Arul Rajagopalan & Luis Fernando Grisales-Noreña & Jesus C. Hernández, 2020. "Optimal Selection and Location of Fixed-Step Capacitor Banks in Distribution Networks Using a Discrete Version of the Vortex Search Algorithm," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-21, September.
    4. Tao Shen & Yanjun Li & Ji Xiang, 2018. "A Graph-Based Power Flow Method for Balanced Distribution Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-11, February.
    5. Oscar Danilo Montoya & Walter Gil-González & Luis Grisales-Noreña & César Orozco-Henao & Federico Serra, 2019. "Economic Dispatch of BESS and Renewable Generators in DC Microgrids Using Voltage-Dependent Load Models," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-20, November.
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