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Hydrothermal Pretreatment of Water-Extracted and Aqueous Ethanol-Extracted Quinoa Stalks for Enzymatic Saccharification of Cellulose

Author

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  • Cristhian Carrasco

    (Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
    Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo de Procesos Químicos, Chemical Engineering, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz P.O. Box 12958, Bolivia)

  • Leif J. Jönsson

    (Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden)

  • Carlos Martín

    (Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden)

Abstract

Auto-catalyzed hydrothermal pretreatment (A-HTP) and sulfuric-acid-catalyzed hydrothermal pretreatment (SA-HTP) were applied to quinoa stalks in order to reduce their recalcitrance towards enzymatic saccharification. Prior to pretreatment, quinoa stalks were extracted with either water or a 50:50 ( v / v ) ethanol–water mixture for removing saponins. Extraction with water or aqueous ethanol, respectively, led to removal of 52 and 75% ( w / w ) of the saponins contained in the raw material. Preliminary extraction of quinoa stalks allowed for a lower overall severity during pretreatment, and it led to an increase of glucan recovery in the pretreated solids (above 90%) compared with that of non-extracted quinoa stalks (73–74%). Furthermore, preliminary extraction resulted in enhanced hydrolysis of hemicelluloses and lower by-product formation during pretreatment. The enhancement of hemicelluloses hydrolysis by pre-extraction was more noticeable for SA-HTP than for A-HTP. As a result of the pretreatment, glucan susceptibility towards enzymatic hydrolysis was remarkably improved, and the overall conversion values were higher for the pre-extracted materials (up to 83%) than for the non-extracted ones (64–69%). Higher overall conversion was achieved for the aqueous ethanol-extracted quinoa stalks (72–83%) than for the water-extracted material (65–74%).

Suggested Citation

  • Cristhian Carrasco & Leif J. Jönsson & Carlos Martín, 2021. "Hydrothermal Pretreatment of Water-Extracted and Aqueous Ethanol-Extracted Quinoa Stalks for Enzymatic Saccharification of Cellulose," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-14, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:14:p:4102-:d:590087
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Madhavi Latha Gandla & Carlos Martín & Leif J. Jönsson, 2018. "Analytical Enzymatic Saccharification of Lignocellulosic Biomass for Conversion to Biofuels and Bio-Based Chemicals," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-20, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Eulogio Castro & Inmaculada Romero, 2021. "Biorefinery Based on Waste Biomass," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-3, December.

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