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Effects of Impurities on Pre-Doped and Post-Doped Membranes for High Temperature PEM Fuel Cell Stacks

Author

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  • Samuel Simon Araya

    (Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg Øst, Denmark)

  • Sobi Thomas

    (Blue World Technologies ApS, Lavavej 16, 9220 Aalborg Øst, Denmark)

  • Andrej Lotrič

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 6, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
    SerEnergy A/S, Lyngvej 8, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark)

  • Simon Lennart Sahlin

    (Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg Øst, Denmark)

  • Vincenzo Liso

    (Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg Øst, Denmark)

  • Søren Juhl Andreasen

    (SerEnergy A/S, Lyngvej 8, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark)

Abstract

In this paper, we experimentally investigated two high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (HT-PEMFC) stacks for their response to the presence of reformate impurities in an anode gas stream. The investigation was aimed at characterizing the effects of reformate impurities at the stack level, including in humidified conditions and identifying fault features for diagnosis purposes. Two HT-PEMFC stacks of 37 cells each with active areas of 165 cm 2 were used with one stack containing a pre-doped membrane with a woven gas diffusion layer (GDL) and the other containing a post-doped membrane with non-woven GDL. Polarization curves and galvanostatic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used for characterization. We found that both N 2 dilution and impurities in the anode feed affected mainly the charge transfer losses, especially on the anode side. We also found that humidification alleviated the poisoning effects of the impurities in the stack with pre-doped membrane electrode assemblies (MEA) and woven GDL but had detrimental effects on the stack with post-doped MEAs and non-woven GDL. We demonstrated that pure and dry hydrogen operation at the end of the tests resulted in significant recovery of the performance losses due to impurities for both stacks even after the humidified reformate operation. This implies that there was only limited acid loss during the test period of around 150 h for each stack.

Suggested Citation

  • Samuel Simon Araya & Sobi Thomas & Andrej Lotrič & Simon Lennart Sahlin & Vincenzo Liso & Søren Juhl Andreasen, 2021. "Effects of Impurities on Pre-Doped and Post-Doped Membranes for High Temperature PEM Fuel Cell Stacks," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-18, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:11:p:2994-:d:559821
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Zhengping Zhou & Oksana Zholobko & Xiang-Fa Wu & Ted Aulich & Jivan Thakare & John Hurley, 2020. "Polybenzimidazole-Based Polymer Electrolyte Membranes for High-Temperature Fuel Cells: Current Status and Prospects," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-27, December.
    2. Samuel Simon Araya & Vincenzo Liso & Xiaoti Cui & Na Li & Jimin Zhu & Simon Lennart Sahlin & Søren Højgaard Jensen & Mads Pagh Nielsen & Søren Knudsen Kær, 2020. "A Review of The Methanol Economy: The Fuel Cell Route," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-32, January.
    3. Sharaf, Omar Z. & Orhan, Mehmet F., 2014. "An overview of fuel cell technology: Fundamentals and applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 810-853.
    4. Samuel Simon Araya & Fan Zhou & Simon Lennart Sahlin & Sobi Thomas & Christian Jeppesen & Søren Knudsen Kær, 2019. "Fault Characterization of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Stack," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-17, January.
    5. Alessandro Ferraris & Alessandro Messana & Andrea Giancarlo Airale & Lorenzo Sisca & Henrique de Carvalho Pinheiro & Francesco Zevola & Massimiliana Carello, 2019. "Nafion ® Tubing Humidification System for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-16, May.
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