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On the Design of IoT Security: Analysis of Software Vulnerabilities for Smart Grids

Author

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  • Christos-Minas Mathas

    (Department of Informatics and Telecommunications, University of the Peloponnese, 22100 Tripolis, Greece)

  • Costas Vassilakis

    (Department of Informatics and Telecommunications, University of the Peloponnese, 22100 Tripolis, Greece)

  • Nicholas Kolokotronis

    (Department of Informatics and Telecommunications, University of the Peloponnese, 22100 Tripolis, Greece)

  • Charilaos C. Zarakovitis

    (Institute of Informatics and Telecommunications, National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, 15341 Athens, Greece
    Innovation Department, Axon Logic P. C., 14231 Athens, Greece)

  • Michail-Alexandros Kourtis

    (Institute of Informatics and Telecommunications, National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, 15341 Athens, Greece)

Abstract

The 5G communication network will underpin a vast number of new and emerging services, paving the way for unprecedented performance and capabilities in mobile networks. In this setting, the Internet of Things (IoT) will proliferate, and IoT devices will be included in many 5G application contexts, including the Smart Grid. Even though 5G technology has been designed by taking security into account, design provisions may be undermined by software-rooted vulnerabilities in IoT devices that allow threat actors to compromise the devices, demote confidentiality, integrity and availability, and even pose risks for the operation of the power grid critical infrastructures. In this paper, we assess the current state of the vulnerabilities in IoT software utilized in smart grid applications from a source code point of view. To that end, we identified and analyzed open-source software that is used in the power grid and the IoT domain that varies in characteristics and functionality, ranging from operating systems to communication protocols, allowing us to obtain a more complete view of the vulnerability landscape. The results of this study can be used in the domain of software development, to enhance the security of produced software, as well as in the domain of automated software testing, targeting improvements to vulnerability detection mechanisms, especially with a focus on the reduction of false positives.

Suggested Citation

  • Christos-Minas Mathas & Costas Vassilakis & Nicholas Kolokotronis & Charilaos C. Zarakovitis & Michail-Alexandros Kourtis, 2021. "On the Design of IoT Security: Analysis of Software Vulnerabilities for Smart Grids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-27, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:10:p:2818-:d:554501
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sofana Reka. S & Tomislav Dragičević & Pierluigi Siano & S.R. Sahaya Prabaharan, 2019. "Future Generation 5G Wireless Networks for Smart Grid: A Comprehensive Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-17, June.
    2. Mohamad El Hariri & Eric Harmon & Tarek Youssef & Mahmoud Saleh & Hany Habib & Osama Mohammed, 2019. "The IEC 61850 Sampled Measured Values Protocol: Analysis, Threat Identification, and Feasibility of Using NN Forecasters to Detect Spoofed Packets," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-24, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Jianguo Ding & Attia Qammar & Zhimin Zhang & Ahmad Karim & Huansheng Ning, 2022. "Cyber Threats to Smart Grids: Review, Taxonomy, Potential Solutions, and Future Directions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-37, September.
    2. Wioletta Knapik & Magdalena Katarzyna Kowalska & Monika Odlanicka-Poczobutt & Marek Kasperek, 2022. "The Internet of Things through Internet Access Using an Electrical Power Transmission System (Power Line Communication) to Improve Digital Competencies and Quality of Life of Selected Social Groups in," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-27, July.

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