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A Multi-Source Harvesting System Applied to Sensor-Based Smart Garments for Monitoring Workers’ Bio-Physical Parameters in Harsh Environments

Author

Listed:
  • Roberto de Fazio

    (Department of Innovation Engineering, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy)

  • Donato Cafagna

    (Department of Innovation Engineering, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy)

  • Giorgio Marcuccio

    (Department of Innovation Engineering, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy)

  • Alessandro Minerba

    (Department of Innovation Engineering, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy)

  • Paolo Visconti

    (Department of Innovation Engineering, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy)

Abstract

This paper describes the development and characterization of a smart garment for monitoring the environmental and biophysical parameters of the user wearing it; the wearable application is focused on the control to workers’ conditions in dangerous workplaces in order to prevent or reduce the consequences of accidents. The smart jacket includes flexible solar panels, thermoelectric generators and flexible piezoelectric harvesters to scavenge energy from the human body, thus ensuring the energy autonomy of the employed sensors and electronic boards. The hardware and firmware optimization allowed the correct interfacing of the heart rate and SpO 2 sensor, accelerometers, temperature and electrochemical gas sensors with a modified Arduino Pro mini board. The latter stores and processes the sensor data and, in the event of abnormal parameters, sends an alarm to a cloud database, allowing company managers to check them via a web app. The characterization of the harvesting subsection has shown that ≈ 265 mW maximum power can be obtained in a real scenario, whereas the power consumption due to the acquisition, processing and BLE data transmission functions determined that a 10 mAh/day charge is required to ensure the device’s proper operation. By charging a 380 mAh Lipo battery in a few hours by means of the harvesting system, an energy autonomy of 23 days was obtained, in the absence of any further energy contribution.

Suggested Citation

  • Roberto de Fazio & Donato Cafagna & Giorgio Marcuccio & Alessandro Minerba & Paolo Visconti, 2020. "A Multi-Source Harvesting System Applied to Sensor-Based Smart Garments for Monitoring Workers’ Bio-Physical Parameters in Harsh Environments," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-33, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:9:p:2161-:d:352881
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Roberto de Fazio & Donato Cafagna & Giorgio Marcuccio & Paolo Visconti, 2020. "Limitations and Characterization of Energy Storage Devices for Harvesting Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-18, February.
    2. Qilin Hua & Junlu Sun & Haitao Liu & Rongrong Bao & Ruomeng Yu & Junyi Zhai & Caofeng Pan & Zhong Lin Wang, 2018. "Skin-inspired highly stretchable and conformable matrix networks for multifunctional sensing," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 9(1), pages 1-11, December.
    3. Ben Minnaert & Peter Veelaert, 2014. "A Proposal for Typical Artificial Light Sources for the Characterization of Indoor Photovoltaic Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 7(3), pages 1-17, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Bartosz Pękosławski & Paweł Marciniak & Łukasz Starzak & Adam Stawiński & Grażyna Bartkowiak, 2022. "Power Supply and Control Unit for Actively Heated Protective Clothing with Photovoltaic Energy Harvesting," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-25, August.
    2. Carolina Del-Valle-Soto & Ramiro Velázquez & Leonardo J. Valdivia & Nicola Ivan Giannoccaro & Paolo Visconti, 2020. "An Energy Model Using Sleeping Algorithms for Wireless Sensor Networks under Proactive and Reactive Protocols: A Performance Evaluation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-31, June.
    3. Sijing Zhu & Zheng Fan & Baoquan Feng & Runze Shi & Zexin Jiang & Ying Peng & Jie Gao & Lei Miao & Kunihito Koumoto, 2022. "Review on Wearable Thermoelectric Generators: From Devices to Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-27, May.
    4. Paolo Visconti & Laura Bagordo & Ramiro Velázquez & Donato Cafagna & Roberto De Fazio, 2022. "Available Technologies and Commercial Devices to Harvest Energy by Human Trampling in Smart Flooring Systems: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-38, January.
    5. Roberto De Fazio & Roberta Proto & Carolina Del-Valle-Soto & Ramiro Velázquez & Paolo Visconti, 2022. "New Wearable Technologies and Devices to Efficiently Scavenge Energy from the Human Body: State of the Art and Future Trends," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-37, September.
    6. Irene Cappelli & Stefano Parrino & Alessandro Pozzebon & Alessio Salta, 2021. "Providing Energy Self-Sufficiency to LoRaWAN Nodes by Means of Thermoelectric Generators (TEGs)-Based Energy Harvesting," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-17, November.
    7. Roberto De Fazio & Vincenzo Mariano Mastronardi & Matteo Petruzzi & Massimo De Vittorio & Paolo Visconti, 2022. "Human–Machine Interaction through Advanced Haptic Sensors: A Piezoelectric Sensory Glove with Edge Machine Learning for Gesture and Object Recognition," Future Internet, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-42, December.

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