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Evaluation of the Energy Utilization Index in Sheep Milk Cooling Systems

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  • Marco Cossu

    (Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy)

  • Luigi Ledda

    (Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy)

  • Stefania Solinas

    (Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy)

  • Andrea Cossu

    (Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Middlesex University, The Burroughs, Hendon, London NW4 4BT, UK)

  • Antonio Pazzona

    (Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy)

Abstract

The energy consumption of sheep milk cooling systems (MCSs) was quantified in this study to provide original information filling a literature gap on the impact of sheep milk cooling on the energy and economic balance in dairy farms. Performance and energy monitoring tests were conducted simultaneously on 22 MCSs in Sardinia (Italy). The results determined the cooling time as a function of the performance class and number of milkings. The Energy Utilization Index (EUI) was applied to measure the energy required to cool down the milk and estimate the incidence on its price. The average EUI was 1.76 kWh 100 L −1 for two-milkings and 2.43 kWh 100 L −1 for four-milkings MCSs, whereas the CO 2 emissions ranged from 998 to 1378 g CO 2 100 L −1 for two- and four-milkings MCSs, respectively. The estimated energy consumption for the storage of refrigerated sheep milk was 0.12 kWh 100 L −1 . The malfunctioning MCSs averagely consumed 31% more energy than regular systems. The energy cost for cooling accounted for 0.61% on the current sheep milk price in Italy. Based on the analysis, the reported EUI values can be used as a preliminary indicator of the regular operation of MCSs.

Suggested Citation

  • Marco Cossu & Luigi Ledda & Stefania Solinas & Andrea Cossu & Antonio Pazzona, 2020. "Evaluation of the Energy Utilization Index in Sheep Milk Cooling Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-16, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:9:p:2127-:d:350874
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Lukuyu, June M. & Blanchard, Richard E. & Rowley, Paul N., 2019. "A risk-adjusted techno-economic analysis for renewable-based milk cooling in remote dairy farming communities in East Africa," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 700-713.
    2. Refsgaard, Karen & Halberg, Niels & Kristensen, Erik Steen, 1998. "Energy utilization in crop and dairy production in organic and conventional livestock production systems," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 57(4), pages 599-630, August.
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    2. Cui, Shiting & Gao, Yao & Zhu, Ruijin, 2024. "A new integrated energy system cluster energy sharing framework adapted to high altitude areas," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 366(C).

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