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Optimal Sizing of On-Board Energy Storage Systems and Stationary Charging Infrastructures for a Catenary-Free Tram

Author

Listed:
  • Ying Yang

    (CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive Co., Ltd., Zhuzhou 412001, China)

  • Weige Zhang

    (School of Electrical Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China)

  • Shaoyuan Wei

    (School of Electrical Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China)

  • Zhenpo Wang

    (National Engineering Laboratory for Electric Vehicles, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China)

Abstract

This paper introduces an optimal sizing method for a catenary-free tram, in which both on-board energy storage systems and charging infrastructures are considered. To quantitatively analyze the trade-off between available charging time and economic operation, a daily cost function containing a whole life-time cost of energy storage and an expense of energy supplies is formulated for the optimal sizing problem. A mixed particle swarm optimization algorithm is utilized to find optimal solutions for three schemes: (1) ultracapacitors storage systems with fast-charging at each station; (2) battery storage systems with slow-charging at starting and final stations; (3) battery storage systems with fast-swapping at swapping station. A case study on an existing catenary-free tramline in China is applied to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. Results show that a daily-cost reduction over 30% and a weight reduction over 40% can be achieved by scheme 2, and a cost saving of 34.23% and a weight reduction of 32.46% can be obtained by scheme 3.

Suggested Citation

  • Ying Yang & Weige Zhang & Shaoyuan Wei & Zhenpo Wang, 2020. "Optimal Sizing of On-Board Energy Storage Systems and Stationary Charging Infrastructures for a Catenary-Free Tram," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-21, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:23:p:6227-:d:451544
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    References listed on IDEAS

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