IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v13y2020i18p4671-d410517.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Performance and Emissions of a Spark Ignition Engine Operated with Gasoline Supplemented with Pyrogasoline and Ethanol

Author

Listed:
  • Luís Durão

    (MEtRICs—Science and Technology of Biomass Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2825-149 Caparica, Portugal
    VALORIZA—Research Centre for Endogenous Resource Valorization, Instituto Politécnico de Portalegre, 7300-110 Portalegre, Portugal)

  • Joaquim Costa

    (MEtRICs—Mechanical Engineering Department, Universidade do Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal)

  • Tiago Arantes

    (MEtRICs—Mechanical Engineering Department, Universidade do Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal)

  • F. P. Brito

    (MEtRICs—Mechanical Engineering Department, Universidade do Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal)

  • Jorge Martins

    (MEtRICs—Mechanical Engineering Department, Universidade do Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal)

  • Margarida Gonçalves

    (MEtRICs—Science and Technology of Biomass Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2825-149 Caparica, Portugal
    VALORIZA—Research Centre for Endogenous Resource Valorization, Instituto Politécnico de Portalegre, 7300-110 Portalegre, Portugal)

Abstract

The partial replacement of fossil fuels by biofuels contributes to a reduction of CO 2 emissions, alleviating the greenhouse effect and climate changes. Furthermore, fuels produced from waste biomass materials have no impact on agricultural land use and reduce deposition of such wastes in landfills. In this paper we evaluate the addition of pyrolysis biogasoline (pyrogasoline) as an additive for fossil gasoline. Pyrogasoline was produced from used cooking oils unfit to produce biodiesel. This study was based on a set of engine tests using binary and ternary mixtures of gasoline with 0, 2.5, and 5% pyrogasoline and ethanol. The use of ternary blends of gasoline and two different biofuels was tested with the purpose of achieving optimal combustion conditions and lower emissions, taking advantage of synergistic effects due to the different properties and chemical compositions of those biofuels. The tests were performed on a spark-ignition engine, operated at full load (100% throttle, or WOT—wide open throttle) between 2000 and 6000 rpm, while recording engine performance and exhaust gases pollutants data. Binary mixtures with pyrogasoline did not improve or worsen the engine’s performance, but the ternary mixtures (gasoline + pyrogasoline + ethanol) positively improved the engine’s performance with torque gains between 0.8 and 3.1% compared to gasoline. All fuels presented CO and unburned hydrocarbons emissions below those produced by this type of engine operated under normal (fossil) gasoline. On the other hand, NO x emissions from oxygenated fuels had contradictory behaviour compared to gasoline. If we consider the gains achieved by the torque with the ternary mixtures and reductions in polluting emissions obtained by mixtures with pyrogasoline, a future for this fuel can be foreseen as a partial replacement of fossil gasoline.

Suggested Citation

  • Luís Durão & Joaquim Costa & Tiago Arantes & F. P. Brito & Jorge Martins & Margarida Gonçalves, 2020. "Performance and Emissions of a Spark Ignition Engine Operated with Gasoline Supplemented with Pyrogasoline and Ethanol," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-15, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:18:p:4671-:d:410517
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/18/4671/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/18/4671/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Shamsul, N.S. & Kamarudin, S.K. & Rahman, N.A., 2017. "Conversion of bio-oil to bio gasoline via pyrolysis and hydrothermal: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 538-549.
    2. Suiuay, Chokchai & Laloon, Kittipong & Katekaew, Somporn & Senawong, Kritsadang & Noisuwan, Phakamat & Sudajan, Somposh, 2020. "Effect of gasoline-like fuel obtained from hard-resin of Yang (Dipterocarpus alatus) on single cylinder gasoline engine performance and exhaust emissions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 634-645.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Suiuay, Chokchai & Laloon, Kittipong & Katekaew, Somporn & Senawong, Kritsadang & Noisuwan, Phakamat & Sudajan, Somposh, 2020. "Effect of gasoline-like fuel obtained from hard-resin of Yang (Dipterocarpus alatus) on single cylinder gasoline engine performance and exhaust emissions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 634-645.
    2. Perkins, Greg & Bhaskar, Thallada & Konarova, Muxina, 2018. "Process development status of fast pyrolysis technologies for the manufacture of renewable transport fuels from biomass," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 292-315.
    3. Munimathan Arunkumar & Vinayagam Mohanavel & Asif Afzal & Thanikodi Sathish & Manickam Ravichandran & Sher Afghan Khan & Nur Azam Abdullah & Muhammad Hanafi Bin Azami & Mohammad Asif, 2021. "A Study on Performance and Emission Characteristics of Diesel Engine Using Ricinus Communis (Castor Oil) Ethyl Esters," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-17, July.
    4. Leesing, Ratanaporn & Siwina, Siraprapha & Ngernyen, Yuvarat & Fiala, Khanittha, 2022. "Innovative approach for co-production of single cell oil (SCO), novel carbon-based solid acid catalyst and SCO-based biodiesel from fallen Dipterocarpus alatus leaves," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(C), pages 47-60.
    5. Suiuay, Chokchai & Katekaew, Somporn & Senawong, Kritsadang & Junsiri, Chaiyan & Srichat, Aphichat & Laloon, Kittipong, 2023. "Production of gasoline and diesel-like fuel from natural rubber scrap: Upgrading of the liquid fuel properties and performance in a spark ignition engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    6. Gholizadeh, Mortaza & Hu, Xun & Liu, Qing, 2019. "A mini review of the specialties of the bio-oils produced from pyrolysis of 20 different biomasses," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 1-1.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:18:p:4671-:d:410517. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.