IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v13y2020i16p4261-d400275.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Electricity Generation from Renewable Energy Sources in Poland as a Part of Commitment to the Polish and EU Energy Policy

Author

Listed:
  • Józef Paska

    (Institute of Electrical Power Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Str. Koszykowa 75, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Tomasz Surma

    (CEZ Polska, Al. Jerozolimskie 63, 00-697 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Paweł Terlikowski

    (Institute of Electrical Power Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Str. Koszykowa 75, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Krzysztof Zagrajek

    (Institute of Electrical Power Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Str. Koszykowa 75, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland)

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to present the state of development of renewable energy sources (RES) in Poland in accordance with the obligations of European Union energy policy. The EU Member States are obliged to adopt different support mechanisms for the development of renewable energy sources, and in consequence to achieve their Directive’s targets. Poland, being a Member State of the EU since 2004, has accepted a target of a 15% share of energy generated from renewable energy sources in final energy consumption, including 19.3% from renewable electricity until 2020. Due to the difficulties with target achievement, the authors found it reasonable to analyze the challenge of RES development in Poland. The article presents energy policy in the EU, as well as the review of measures implemented for renewable energy development. The current state of and perspectives on using renewable energy sources in Poland and in the EU are also depicted. In the article, the authors analyze the relation between reference prices at dedicated RES auctions in Poland and the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE). The paper also provides a description of the renewable energy sources’ development in three areas: electricity, heat and transport biofuels. Its main content, though, refers to the generation of electricity from renewable energy sources.

Suggested Citation

  • Józef Paska & Tomasz Surma & Paweł Terlikowski & Krzysztof Zagrajek, 2020. "Electricity Generation from Renewable Energy Sources in Poland as a Part of Commitment to the Polish and EU Energy Policy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-31, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:16:p:4261-:d:400275
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/16/4261/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/16/4261/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Newbery, David, 2018. "Policies for decarbonizing a liberalized power sector," Economics - The Open-Access, Open-Assessment E-Journal (2007-2020), Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel), vol. 12, pages 1-24.
    2. Boeters, Stefan & Koornneef, Joris, 2011. "Supply of renewable energy sources and the cost of EU climate policy," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 33(5), pages 1024-1034, September.
    3. Lund, P.D., 2009. "Effects of energy policies on industry expansion in renewable energy," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(1), pages 53-64.
    4. Lund, H. & Möller, B. & Mathiesen, B.V. & Dyrelund, A., 2010. "The role of district heating in future renewable energy systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(3), pages 1381-1390.
    5. Rissman, Jeffrey & Bataille, Chris & Masanet, Eric & Aden, Nate & Morrow, William R. & Zhou, Nan & Elliott, Neal & Dell, Rebecca & Heeren, Niko & Huckestein, Brigitta & Cresko, Joe & Miller, Sabbie A., 2020. "Technologies and policies to decarbonize global industry: Review and assessment of mitigation drivers through 2070," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 266(C).
    6. Kitzing, Lena & Mitchell, Catherine & Morthorst, Poul Erik, 2012. "Renewable energy policies in Europe: Converging or diverging?," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 192-201.
    7. Höckner, Jonas & Voswinkel, Simon & Weber, Christoph, 2020. "Market distortions in flexibility markets caused by renewable subsidies – The case for side payments," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    8. Lake, Andrew & Rezaie, Behanz & Beyerlein, Steven, 2017. "Review of district heating and cooling systems for a sustainable future," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 417-425.
    9. Möller, Bernd & Wiechers, Eva & Persson, Urban & Grundahl, Lars & Lund, Rasmus Søgaard & Mathiesen, Brian Vad, 2019. "Heat Roadmap Europe: Towards EU-Wide, local heat supply strategies," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 177(C), pages 554-564.
    10. Knopf, Brigitte & Nahmmacher, Paul & Schmid, Eva, 2015. "The European renewable energy target for 2030 – An impact assessment of the electricity sector," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 50-60.
    11. Østergaard, Poul Alberg & Andersen, Anders N., 2016. "Booster heat pumps and central heat pumps in district heating," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 184(C), pages 1374-1388.
    12. Varun & Prakash, Ravi & Bhat, Inder Krishnan, 2009. "Energy, economics and environmental impacts of renewable energy systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 13(9), pages 2716-2721, December.
    13. Krozer, Yoram, 2013. "Cost and benefit of renewable energy in the European Union," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 68-73.
    14. Paska, Józef & Surma, Tomasz, 2014. "Electricity generation from renewable energy sources in Poland," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 286-294.
    15. Paska, J. & Salek, M. & Surma, T., 2009. "Current status and perspectives of renewable energy sources in Poland," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 13(1), pages 142-154, January.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Sławomir Skiba & Marianna Maruszczak, 2022. "The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Decision to Use Solar Energy and Install Photovoltaic Panels in Households in the Years 2019–2021 within the Area of a Selected Polish Municipality," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-14, October.
    2. Tomasz Jałowiec & Henryk Wojtaszek & Ireneusz Miciuła, 2022. "Analysis of the Potential Management of the Low-Carbon Energy Transformation by 2050," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-29, March.
    3. Krzysztof Zagrajek & Mariusz Kłos & Desire D. Rasolomampionona & Mirosław Lewandowski & Karol Pawlak & Łukasz Baran & Tomasz Barcz & Przemysław Kołaczyński & Wojciech Suchecki, 2023. "Investing in Distributed Generation Technologies at Polish University Campuses during the Energy Transition Era," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-24, June.
    4. Diego Fernando Vargas-Sosa & Oscar Danilo Montoya & Luis Fernando Grisales-Noreña, 2023. "Efficient Integration of Photovoltaic Solar Generators in Monopolar DC Networks through a Convex Mixed-Integer Optimization Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-17, May.
    5. Sylwester Kaczmarzewski & Piotr Olczak & Maciej Sołtysik, 2021. "The Impact of Electricity Consumption Profile in Underground Mines to Cooperate with RES," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-20, September.
    6. Anca Mehedintu & Georgeta Soava & Mihaela Sterpu & Eugenia Grecu, 2021. "Evolution and Forecasting of the Renewable Energy Consumption in the Frame of Sustainable Development: EU vs. Romania," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-30, September.
    7. Paweł Ziemba, 2021. "Multi-Criteria Fuzzy Evaluation of the Planned Offshore Wind Farm Investments in Poland," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-19, February.
    8. Kałuża, Tomasz & Hämmerling, Mateusz & Zawadzki, Paweł & Czekała, Wojciech & Kasperek, Robert & Sojka, Mariusz & Mokwa, Marian & Ptak, Mariusz & Szkudlarek, Arkadiusz & Czechlowski, Mirosław & Dach, J, 2022. "The hydropower sector in Poland: Barriers and the outlook for the future," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 163(C).
    9. Maciej Sołtysik & Mariusz Kozakiewicz & Jakub Jasiński, 2021. "Profitability of Prosumers According to Various Business Models—An Analysis in the Light of the COVID-19 Effect," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-22, December.
    10. Mateusz Sumorek & Adam Idzkowski, 2023. "Time Series Forecasting for Energy Production in Stand-Alone and Tracking Photovoltaic Systems Based on Historical Measurement Data," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-23, September.
    11. Norbert Bozsik & András Szeberényi & Nándor Bozsik, 2023. "Examination of the Hungarian Electricity Industry Structure with Special Regard to Renewables," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-23, April.
    12. Mariusz Zieliński & Izabela Jonek-Kowalska, 2021. "Does CSR Affect the Profitability and Valuation of Energy Companies? An Example from Poland," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-24, June.
    13. Ziemba, Paweł, 2022. "Uncertain Multi-Criteria analysis of offshore wind farms projects investments – Case study of the Polish Economic Zone of the Baltic Sea," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 309(C).
    14. Sylwia Mrozowska & Jan A. Wendt & Krzysztof Tomaszewski, 2021. "The Challenges of Poland’s Energy Transition," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-22, December.
    15. Beata Piotrowska & Daniel Słyś, 2022. "Comprehensive Analysis of the State of Technology in the Field of Waste Heat Recovery from Grey Water," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-20, December.
    16. Mirosława Szewczyk & Anna Szeliga-Duchnowska, 2022. "Make Hay While the Sun Shines: Beneficiaries of Renewable Energy Promotion," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-15, May.
    17. Anna Bluszcz & Anna Manowska, 2021. "The Use of Hierarchical Agglomeration Methods in Assessing the Polish Energy Market," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-18, July.
    18. Robert Ulewicz & Dominika Siwiec & Andrzej Pacana & Magdalena Tutak & Jarosław Brodny, 2021. "Multi-Criteria Method for the Selection of Renewable Energy Sources in the Polish Industrial Sector," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-30, April.
    19. Wojciech J. Florkowski & Joanna Rakowska, 2022. "Review of Regional Renewable Energy Investment Projects: The Example of EU Cohesion Funds Dispersal," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-23, December.
    20. Piotr Olczak & Małgorzata Olek & Dominika Matuszewska & Artur Dyczko & Tomasz Mania, 2021. "Monofacial and Bifacial Micro PV Installation as Element of Energy Transition—The Case of Poland," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-22, January.
    21. Anna Ostrowska & Łukasz Michalec & Marek Skarupski & Michał Jasiński & Tomasz Sikorski & Paweł Kostyła & Robert Lis & Grzegorz Mudrak & Tomasz Rodziewicz, 2022. "Power Quality Assessment in a Real Microgrid-Statistical Assessment of Different Long-Term Working Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-26, October.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Dorotić, Hrvoje & Ban, Marko & Pukšec, Tomislav & Duić, Neven, 2020. "Impact of wind penetration in electricity markets on optimal power-to-heat capacities in a local district heating system," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 132(C).
    2. Golmohamadi, Hessam & Larsen, Kim Guldstrand & Jensen, Peter Gjøl & Hasrat, Imran Riaz, 2022. "Integration of flexibility potentials of district heating systems into electricity markets: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    3. Østergaard, P.A. & Lund, H. & Thellufsen, J.Z. & Sorknæs, P. & Mathiesen, B.V., 2022. "Review and validation of EnergyPLAN," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    4. Doračić, Borna & Pukšec, Tomislav & Schneider, Daniel Rolph & Duić, Neven, 2020. "The effect of different parameters of the excess heat source on the levelized cost of excess heat," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 201(C).
    5. Aunedi, Marko & Pantaleo, Antonio Marco & Kuriyan, Kamal & Strbac, Goran & Shah, Nilay, 2020. "Modelling of national and local interactions between heat and electricity networks in low-carbon energy systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 276(C).
    6. Li, Xiang & Yilmaz, Selin & Patel, Martin K. & Chambers, Jonathan, 2023. "Techno-economic analysis of fifth-generation district heating and cooling combined with seasonal borehole thermal energy storage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 285(C).
    7. Frank, Alejandro Germán & Gerstlberger, Wolfgang & Paslauski, Carolline Amaral & Lerman, Laura Visintainer & Ayala, Néstor Fabián, 2018. "The contribution of innovation policy criteria to the development of local renewable energy systems," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 115(C), pages 353-365.
    8. Lin, Boqiang & He, Jiaxin, 2017. "Is biomass power a good choice for governments in China?," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 1218-1230.
    9. Ciampi, Giovanni & Rosato, Antonio & Sibilio, Sergio, 2018. "Thermo-economic sensitivity analysis by dynamic simulations of a small Italian solar district heating system with a seasonal borehole thermal energy storage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 757-771.
    10. Daniela Szymańska & Aleksandra Lewandowska, 2015. "Biogas Power Plants in Poland—Structure, Capacity, and Spatial Distribution," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 7(12), pages 1-19, December.
    11. Patrycjusz Zarębski & Dominik Katarzyński, 2023. "A Theoretical Framework for a Local Energy Innovation System Based on the Renewable Energy Case of Poland," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-24, April.
    12. Danica Djurić Ilić, 2020. "Classification of Measures for Dealing with District Heating Load Variations—A Systematic Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-27, December.
    13. González, Javier Serrano & Lacal-Arántegui, Roberto, 2016. "A review of regulatory framework for wind energy in European Union countries: Current state and expected developments," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 588-602.
    14. Popovski, Eftim & Aydemir, Ali & Fleiter, Tobias & Bellstädt, Daniel & Büchele, Richard & Steinbach, Jan, 2019. "The role and costs of large-scale heat pumps in decarbonising existing district heating networks – A case study for the city of Herten in Germany," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 918-933.
    15. Nord, Natasa & Shakerin, Mohammad & Tereshchenko, Tymofii & Verda, Vittorio & Borchiellini, Romano, 2021. "Data informed physical models for district heating grids with distributed heat sources to understand thermal and hydraulic aspects," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 222(C).
    16. Bartolozzi, Irene & Rizzi, Francesco & Frey, Marco, 2017. "Are district heating systems and renewable energy sources always an environmental win-win solution? A life cycle assessment case study in Tuscany, Italy," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 408-420.
    17. Mengting Jiang & Camilo Rindt & David M. J. Smeulders, 2022. "Optimal Planning of Future District Heating Systems—A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-38, September.
    18. Mignon, Ingrid & Bergek, Anna, 2016. "Investments in renewable electricity production: The importance of policy revisited," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 307-316.
    19. Iskander Tlili, 2015. "Renewable energy in Saudi Arabia: current status and future potentials," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 17(4), pages 859-886, August.
    20. Paweł Ziemba, 2019. "Inter-Criteria Dependencies-Based Decision Support in the Sustainable wind Energy Management," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-29, February.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:16:p:4261-:d:400275. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.