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A Virtual Tool for Load Flow Analysis in a Micro-Grid

Author

Listed:
  • Giovanni Artale

    (Department of Engineering, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy)

  • Giuseppe Caravello

    (Department of Engineering, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy)

  • Antonio Cataliotti

    (Department of Engineering, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy)

  • Valentina Cosentino

    (Department of Engineering, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy)

  • Dario Di Cara

    (Institute of Marine Engineering (INM), National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy)

  • Salvatore Guaiana

    (Department of Engineering, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy)

  • Ninh Nguyen Quang

    (Institute of Energy Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam)

  • Marco Palmeri

    (Department of Engineering, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy)

  • Nicola Panzavecchia

    (Institute of Marine Engineering (INM), National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy)

  • Giovanni Tinè

    (Institute of Marine Engineering (INM), National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy)

Abstract

This paper proposes a virtual tool for load flow analysis in energy distribution systems of micro-grids. The solution is based on a low-cost measurement architecture, which entails low-voltage power measurements in each secondary substation and a voltage measurement at the beginning of the medium voltage (MV) feeder. The proposed virtual tool periodically queries these instruments to acquire the measurements. Then, it implements a backward–forward load flow algorithm, to evaluate the power flow in each branch and the voltage at each node. The virtual tool performances are validated using power measurements acquired at the beginning of each MV feeder. The uncertainties on each calculated quantity are also evaluated starting from the uncertainties due to the used measurement instruments. Moreover, the influence of the line parameter uncertainties on the evaluated quantities is also considered. The validated tool is useful for the online analysis of power flows and also for planning purposes, as it allows verifying the influence of future distributed generator power injection. In fact, the tool is able to off-line perform the load flow calculation in differently distributed generation scenarios. The micro-grid of Favignana Island was used as a case study to test the developed virtual tool.

Suggested Citation

  • Giovanni Artale & Giuseppe Caravello & Antonio Cataliotti & Valentina Cosentino & Dario Di Cara & Salvatore Guaiana & Ninh Nguyen Quang & Marco Palmeri & Nicola Panzavecchia & Giovanni Tinè, 2020. "A Virtual Tool for Load Flow Analysis in a Micro-Grid," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-26, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:12:p:3173-:d:373511
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Boscaino, Valeria & Ditta, Vito & Marsala, Giuseppe & Panzavecchia, Nicola & Tinè, Giovanni & Cosentino, Valentina & Cataliotti, Antonio & Di Cara, Dario, 2024. "Grid-connected photovoltaic inverters: Grid codes, topologies and control techniques," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 189(PA).
    3. Paweł Pijarski & Piotr Kacejko, 2021. "Voltage Optimization in MV Network with Distributed Generation Using Power Consumption Control in Electrolysis Installations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-21, February.
    4. Marcel Nicola & Claudiu-Ionel Nicola, 2021. "Fractional-Order Control of Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System Based on Synergetic and Sliding Mode Controllers," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-25, January.

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