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Driving Forces of Energy-Related CO 2 Emissions Based on Expanded IPAT Decomposition Analysis: Evidence from ASEAN and Four Selected Countries

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  • Jaruwan Chontanawat

    (King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand)

Abstract

ASEAN is a dynamic and diverse region which has experienced rapid urbanization and population growth. Their energy demand grew by 60% in the last 15 years. In 2013, about 3.6% of global greenhouse-gas emissions was emitted from this region and the share is expected to rise substantially. Hence, a better understanding of driving forces of the changes in CO 2 emissions is important to tackle global climate change and develop appropriate policies. Using IPAT combined with variance analysis, this study aims to identify the main driving factors of CO 2 emissions for ASEAN and four selected countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines and Thailand) during 1971–2013. The results show that population growth and economic growth were the main driving factors for increasing CO 2 emissions for most of the countries. Fossil fuels play an important role in increasing CO 2 emissions, however the growth in emissions was compensated by improved energy efficiency and carbon intensity of fossil energy. The results imply that to decouple energy use from high levels of emissions is important. Proper energy management through fuel substitution and decreasing emission intensity through technological upgrades have considerable potential to cut emissions.

Suggested Citation

  • Jaruwan Chontanawat, 2019. "Driving Forces of Energy-Related CO 2 Emissions Based on Expanded IPAT Decomposition Analysis: Evidence from ASEAN and Four Selected Countries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-23, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:4:p:764-:d:208876
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    7. YoungSeok Hwang & Jung-Sup Um & JunHwa Hwang & Stephan Schlüter, 2020. "Evaluating the Causal Relations between the Kaya Identity Index and ODIAC-Based Fossil Fuel CO 2 Flux," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-20, November.
    8. Ansari, Mohd Arshad, 2022. "Re-visiting the Environmental Kuznets curve for ASEAN: A comparison between ecological footprint and carbon dioxide emissions," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    9. Vaclovas Miškinis & Arvydas Galinis & Inga Konstantinavičiūtė & Vidas Lekavičius & Eimantas Neniškis, 2021. "The Role of Renewable Energy Sources in Dynamics of Energy-Related GHG Emissions in the Baltic States," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-35, September.
    10. Gideon Nkam Taka & Ta Thi Huong & Izhar Hussain Shah & Hung-Suck Park, 2020. "Determinants of Energy-Based CO 2 Emissions in Ethiopia: A Decomposition Analysis from 1990 to 2017," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-17, May.
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    12. Jaruwan Chontanawat, 2020. "Dynamic Modelling of Causal Relationship between Energy Consumption, CO 2 Emission, and Economic Growth in SE Asian Countries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-27, December.

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