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Flow and Fast Fourier Transform Analyses for Tip Clearance Effect in an Operating Kaplan Turbine

Author

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  • Hyoung-Ho Kim

    (Graduate School, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, Korea)

  • Md Rakibuzzaman

    (Graduate School, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, Korea)

  • Kyungwuk Kim

    (Graduate School, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, Korea)

  • Sang-Ho Suh

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, Korea)

Abstract

The Kaplan turbine is an axial propeller-type turbine that can simultaneously control guide vanes and runner blades, thus allowing its application in a wide range of operations. Here, turbine tip clearance plays a crucial role in turbine design and operation as high tip clearance flow can lead to a change in the flow pattern, resulting in a loss of efficiency and finally the breakdown of hydro turbines. This research investigates tip clearance flow characteristics and undertakes a transient fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis of a Kaplan turbine. In this study, the computational fluid dynamics method was used to investigate the Kaplan turbine performance with tip clearance gaps at different operating conditions. Numerical performance was verified with experimental results. In particular, a parametric study was carried out including the different geometrical parameters such as tip clearance between stationary and rotating chambers. In addition, an FFT analysis was performed by monitoring dynamic pressure fluctuation on the rotor. Here, increases in tip clearance were shown to occur with decreases in efficiency owing to unsteady flow. With this study’s focus on analyzing the flow of the tip clearance and its effect on turbine performance as well as hydraulic efficiency, it aims to improve the understanding on the flow field in a Kaplan turbine.

Suggested Citation

  • Hyoung-Ho Kim & Md Rakibuzzaman & Kyungwuk Kim & Sang-Ho Suh, 2019. "Flow and Fast Fourier Transform Analyses for Tip Clearance Effect in an Operating Kaplan Turbine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-15, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:2:p:264-:d:198063
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Choi, Hyen-Jun & Zullah, Mohammed Asid & Roh, Hyoung-Woon & Ha, Pil-Su & Oh, Sueg-Young & Lee, Young-Ho, 2013. "CFD validation of performance improvement of a 500 kW Francis turbine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 111-123.
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    1. Bartosz Ceran & Jakub Jurasz & Robert Wróblewski & Adam Guderski & Daria Złotecka & Łukasz Kaźmierczak, 2020. "Impact of the Minimum Head on Low-Head Hydropower Plants Energy Production and Profitability," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-21, December.
    2. Jan Taler & Paweł Ocłoń & Marcin Trojan & Abdulmajeed Mohamad, 2019. "Selected Papers from the XI International Conference on Computational Heat, Mass and Momentum Transfer (ICCHMT 2018)," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-3, June.
    3. Zaher Mundher Yaseen & Ameen Mohammed Salih Ameen & Mohammed Suleman Aldlemy & Mumtaz Ali & Haitham Abdulmohsin Afan & Senlin Zhu & Ahmed Mohammed Sami Al-Janabi & Nadhir Al-Ansari & Tiyasha Tiyasha &, 2020. "State-of-the Art-Powerhouse, Dam Structure, and Turbine Operation and Vibrations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-40, February.
    4. Md Rakibuzzaman & Hyoung-Ho Kim & Kyungwuk Kim & Sang-Ho Suh & Kyung Yup Kim, 2019. "Numerical Study of Sediment Erosion Analysis in Francis Turbine," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-18, March.

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