IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v10y2017i8p1218-d108655.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Valuation of Real Options in Crude Oil Production

Author

Listed:
  • Luis Mª Abadie

    (Basque Centre for Climate Change, Sede Building 1, 1st Floor, Scientific Campus, University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Spain)

  • José M. Chamorro

    (Department of Financial Economics II and Institute of Public Economics, University of the Basque Country, Av. Lehendakari Aguirre 83, 48015 Bilbao, Spain)

Abstract

Oil producers are going through a hard period. They have a number of real options at their disposal. This paper addresses the valuation of two of them: the option to delay investment and the option to abandon a producing field. A prerequisite for this is to determine the value of a producing well. For this purpose we draw on a stochastic model of oil price with three risk factors: spot price, long-term price, and spot price volatility. This model is estimated with spot and futures West Texas Intermediate (WTI) oil prices. The numerical estimates of the underlying parameters allow calculate the value of a producing well over a fixed time horizon. We delineate the optimal boundary that separates the investment region from the wait region in the spot price/unit cost space. We similarly draw the boundary governing the optimal exercise of the option to abandon and the one governing the active/inactive production decision when there is no such option.

Suggested Citation

  • Luis Mª Abadie & José M. Chamorro, 2017. "Valuation of Real Options in Crude Oil Production," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-21, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:10:y:2017:i:8:p:1218-:d:108655
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/10/8/1218/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/10/8/1218/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Longstaff, Francis A & Schwartz, Eduardo S, 2001. "Valuing American Options by Simulation: A Simple Least-Squares Approach," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 14(1), pages 113-147.
    2. Soren T. Anderson & Ryan Kellogg & Stephen W. Salant, 2018. "Hotelling under Pressure," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 126(3), pages 984-1026.
    3. Höök, Mikael & Hirsch, Robert & Aleklett, Kjell, 2009. "Giant oil field decline rates and their influence on world oil production," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 37(6), pages 2262-2272, June.
    4. Ryan Kellogg, 2014. "The Effect of Uncertainty on Investment: Evidence from Texas Oil Drilling," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 104(6), pages 1698-1734, June.
    5. Guedes, José & Santos, Pedro, 2016. "Valuing an offshore oil exploration and production project through real options analysis," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 377-386.
    6. Miljkovic, Dragan & Ripplinger, David, 2016. "Labor market impacts of U.S. tight oil development: The case of the Bakken," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 306-312.
    7. James L. Paddock & Daniel R. Siegel & James L. Smith, 1988. "Option Valuation of Claims on Real Assets: The Case of Offshore Petroleum Leases," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 103(3), pages 479-508.
    8. Robert McDonald & Daniel Siegel, 1986. "The Value of Waiting to Invest," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 101(4), pages 707-727.
    9. Mauritzen, Johannes, 2014. "The effect of oil prices on offshore production: evidence from the Norwegian Continental Shelf," Discussion Papers 2014/7, Norwegian School of Economics, Department of Business and Management Science.
    10. Hans-Dieter Karl, 2010. "Estimation of Production Costs for Energy Resources," CESifo Forum, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 11(04), pages 63-71, December.
    11. Josué M. Polanco-Martínez & Luis M. Abadie, 2016. "Analyzing Crude Oil Spot Price Dynamics versus Long Term Future Prices: A Wavelet Analysis Approach," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(12), pages 1-19, December.
    12. Luis M. Abadie & Ibon Galarraga & Dirk Rübbelke, 2013. "Evaluation of Two Alternative Carbon Capture and Storage Technologies: A Stochastic Model," Working Papers 2013-07, BC3.
    13. Johannes Mauritzen, 2017. "The Effect of Oil Prices on Field Production: Evidence from the Norwegian Continental Shelf," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 79(1), pages 124-144, February.
    14. Luis Mª Abadie & José M. Chamorro, 2016. "Revenue Risk of U.S. Tight-Oil Firms," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(10), pages 1-18, October.
    15. Longstaff, Francis A & Schwartz, Eduardo S, 2001. "Valuing American Options by Simulation: A Simple Least-Squares Approach," University of California at Los Angeles, Anderson Graduate School of Management qt43n1k4jb, Anderson Graduate School of Management, UCLA.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Maitham A. Rodhan, 2023. "The Effect of US Shale Oil Production on Local and International Oil Markets," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 13(4), pages 433-443, July.
    2. Samuel D. Barrows, 2020. "Did the US Shale Oil Revolution Ruin Oil Industry Stock Market Returns?," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 10(4), pages 1-8.
    3. Joanna Goard & Mohammed AbaOud, 2023. "A Bimodal Model for Oil Prices," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-26, May.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Lambrecht, Bart M., 2017. "Real options in finance," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 166-171.
    2. Seiji Harikae & James S. Dyer & Tianyang Wang, 2021. "Valuing Real Options in the Volatile Real World," Production and Operations Management, Production and Operations Management Society, vol. 30(1), pages 171-189, January.
    3. Lim, Terence & Lo, Andrew W. & Merton, Robert C. & Scholes, Myron S., 2006. "The Derivatives Sourcebook," Foundations and Trends(R) in Finance, now publishers, vol. 1(5–6), pages 365-572, April.
    4. Lei Zhu & ZhongXiang Zhang & Ying Fan, 2011. "An evaluation of overseas oil investment projects under uncertainty using a real options based simulation model," Economics Study Area Working Papers 121, East-West Center, Economics Study Area.
    5. Liu, Xiaoran & Ronn, Ehud I., 2020. "Using the binomial model for the valuation of real options in computing optimal subsidies for Chinese renewable energy investments," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 87(C).
    6. Lin Zhao & Sweder van Wijnbergen, 2013. "A Real Option Perspective on Valuing Gas Fields," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 13-126/VI/DSF60, Tinbergen Institute.
    7. Jain, Shashi & Roelofs, Ferry & Oosterlee, Cornelis W., 2013. "Valuing modular nuclear power plants in finite time decision horizon," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 625-636.
    8. Smith, James L., 2014. "A parsimonious model of tax avoidance and distortions in petroleum exploration and development," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 140-157.
    9. Schachter, J.A. & Mancarella, P., 2016. "A critical review of Real Options thinking for valuing investment flexibility in Smart Grids and low carbon energy systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 261-271.
    10. Carlos Andrés Zapata Quimbayo, 2020. "OPCIONES REALES Una guía teórico-práctica para la valoración de inversiones bajo incertidumbre mediante modelos en tiempo discreto y simulación de Monte Carlo," Books, Universidad Externado de Colombia, Facultad de Finanzas, Gobierno y Relaciones Internacionales, number 138, September.
    11. Ioannis Kyriakou & Panos K. Pouliasis & Nikos C. Papapostolou & Nikos K. Nomikos, 2018. "Income uncertainty and the decision to invest in bulk shipping," European Financial Management, European Financial Management Association, vol. 24(3), pages 387-417, June.
    12. Zhu, Lei & Fan, Ying, 2011. "A real options–based CCS investment evaluation model: Case study of China’s power generation sector," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(12), pages 4320-4333.
    13. Gabriel J Power & Charli D. Tandja M. & Josée Bastien & Philippe Grégoire, 2015. "Measuring infrastructure investment option value," Journal of Risk Finance, Emerald Group Publishing, vol. 16(1), pages 49-72, January.
    14. Linnerud, Kristin & Andersson, Ane Marte & Fleten, Stein-Erik, 2014. "Investment timing under uncertain renewable energy policy: An empirical study of small hydropower projects," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 154-164.
    15. Schwartz, Eduardo S., 2002. "Patents and R& D as Real Options," University of California at Los Angeles, Anderson Graduate School of Management qt86b1n43k, Anderson Graduate School of Management, UCLA.
    16. Luis M. Abadie & José M. Chamorro, 2009. "Monte Carlo valuation of natural gas investments," Review of Financial Economics, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 18(1), pages 10-22, January.
    17. Noshchenko, Olga & Hagspiel, Verena, 2024. "Environmental and economic multi-objective real options analysis: Electrification choices for field development investment planning," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 295(C).
    18. Edgardo Brigatti & Felipe Macias & Max O. Souza & Jorge P. Zubelli, 2015. "A Hedged Monte Carlo Approach to Real Option Pricing," Papers 1509.03577, arXiv.org.
    19. Djerry C. Tandja M. & Gabriel J. Power & Josée Bastien, 2018. "Real Option Valuation in a Gollier/Weitzman World: The Effect of Long-Run Discount Rate Uncertainty," The Energy Journal, , vol. 39(5), pages 21-54, September.
    20. Matthias Berger & Christian Matt & Jochen Gönsch & Thomas Hess, 2019. "Is the Time Ripe? How the Value of Waiting and Incentives Affect Users’ Switching Behaviors for Smart Home Devices," Schmalenbach Business Review, Springer;Schmalenbach-Gesellschaft, vol. 71(1), pages 91-123, February.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:10:y:2017:i:8:p:1218-:d:108655. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.