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Safety Requirements for Transportation of Lithium Batteries

Author

Listed:
  • Haibo Huo

    (College of Engineering Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
    Center for Advanced Life Cycle Engineering (CALCE), University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA)

  • Yinjiao Xing

    (Center for Advanced Life Cycle Engineering (CALCE), University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA)

  • Michael Pecht

    (Center for Advanced Life Cycle Engineering (CALCE), University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA)

  • Benno J. Züger

    (Bern Universities of Applied Sciences, BFH-CSEM Energy Storage Research Centre, Aarbergstrasse 5, 2560 Nidau, Switzerland)

  • Neeta Khare

    (Bern Universities of Applied Sciences, BFH-CSEM Energy Storage Research Centre, Aarbergstrasse 5, 2560 Nidau, Switzerland)

  • Andrea Vezzini

    (Bern Universities of Applied Sciences, BFH-CSEM Energy Storage Research Centre, Aarbergstrasse 5, 2560 Nidau, Switzerland)

Abstract

The demand for battery-powered products, ranging from consumer goods to electric vehicles, keeps increasing. As a result, batteries are manufactured and shipped globally, and the safe and reliable transport of batteries from production sites to suppliers and consumers, as well as for disposal, must be guaranteed at all times. This is especially true of lithium batteries, which have been identified as dangerous goods when they are transported. This paper reviews the international and key national (U.S., Europe, China, South Korea, and Japan) air, road, rail, and sea transportation requirements for lithium batteries. This review is needed because transportation regulations are not consistent across countries and national regulations are not consistent with international regulations. Comparisons are thus provided to enable proper and cost-effective transportation; to aid in the testing, packaging, marking, labelling, and documentation required for safe and reliable lithium cell/battery transport; and to help in developing national and internal policies.

Suggested Citation

  • Haibo Huo & Yinjiao Xing & Michael Pecht & Benno J. Züger & Neeta Khare & Andrea Vezzini, 2017. "Safety Requirements for Transportation of Lithium Batteries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(6), pages 1-38, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:10:y:2017:i:6:p:793-:d:100987
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Nicholas Williard & Christopher Hendricks & Bhanu Sood & Jae Sik Chung & Michael Pecht, 2016. "Evaluation of Batteries for Safe Air Transport," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(5), pages 1-13, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Weiping Diao & Chetan Kulkarni & Michael Pecht, 2021. "Development of an Informative Lithium-Ion Battery Datasheet," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-19, September.
    2. Nicholas Gordon Garafolo & Siamak Farhad & Manindra Varma Koricherla & Shihao Wen & Roja Esmaeeli, 2022. "Modal Analysis of a Lithium-Ion Battery for Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-11, July.
    3. Masanori Ishigaki & Keisuke Ishikawa & Tsukasa Usuki & Hiroki Kondo & Shogo Komagata & Tsuyoshi Sasaki, 2023. "Operando Li metal plating diagnostics via MHz band electromagnetics," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-9, December.
    4. Horesh, Noah & Quinn, Casey & Wang, Hongjie & Zane, Regan & Ferry, Mike & Tong, Shijie & Quinn, Jason C., 2021. "Driving to the future of energy storage: Techno-economic analysis of a novel method to recondition second life electric vehicle batteries," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 295(C).

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