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The Impact of Innovation on Economic Growth, Foreign Direct Investment, and Self-Employment: A Global Perspective

Author

Listed:
  • Juan Dempere

    (School of Business, Higher Colleges of Technology, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 4792, United Arab Emirates)

  • Muhammad Qamar

    (School of Business, Higher Colleges of Technology, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 4792, United Arab Emirates)

  • Hesham Allam

    (Department of Computer Information Systems, Higher Colleges of Technology, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 25026, United Arab Emirates)

  • Sabir Malik

    (School of Accounting, Economics and Finance, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3DE, UK)

Abstract

This paper aims to investigate the impact of innovation on three macroeconomic indicators: GDP, self-employment, and foreign direct investment (FDI). The study analyses a sample of 120 countries using the Global Innovation Index (GII) and its constituent sub-indices and pillars, which provide a holistic evaluation of national innovation. Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita measures a country’s economic output, self-employment assesses entrepreneurial activity, and FDI indicates confidence in a country’s economic prospects and innovation trends. This study analyzes the data using generalized-linear and panel-corrected standard-error models. The results show that innovation positively influences GDP, domestic institutional framework, local infrastructure, local knowledge and technology, and creative outputs. In contrast, innovation negatively correlates with domestic self-employment, often associated with necessity-driven entrepreneurship. The study concludes that innovation positively affects human resources, research, and creative outputs and has no significant impact on FDI. The findings suggest that a practical regulatory framework, institutional support, domestic human capital, research and development, infrastructure, technology, and creative outputs are essential for a vibrant economy. National innovation policies supporting the GII and its constituent factors can positively affect the economy while reducing self-employment.

Suggested Citation

  • Juan Dempere & Muhammad Qamar & Hesham Allam & Sabir Malik, 2023. "The Impact of Innovation on Economic Growth, Foreign Direct Investment, and Self-Employment: A Global Perspective," Economies, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-22, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jecomi:v:11:y:2023:i:7:p:182-:d:1187515
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    2. Fiaz Ahmad Sulehri & Marc Audi & Marc Poulin & Amjad Ali, 2024. "Nexus between Innovation and Ecological Impact: A Moderated Mediation Investigation through Structural Equation Modeling Approach," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 14(4), pages 509-518, July.
    3. Teodora Mîndra & Oana Chenaru & Radu Dobrescu & Lucian Toma, 2024. "Modular Microgrid Technology with a Single Development Environment Per Life Cycle," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-19, October.
    4. Qingyi Chen & Yuting Liu & Zuolin Yao, 2024. "Spatial–Temporal Pattern Evolution and Differentiation Mechanism of Urban Dual Innovation: A Case Study of China’s Three Major Urban Agglomerations," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-22, August.
    5. Meer Jan & Amdadullah Baloch & Abdullah Abdulaziz Bawazir & Abdul Qayyum & Mahfoudh Hussein Mgammal, 2024. "Innovation and Path to Inclusiveness in Developing Countries," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 14(5), pages 330-337, September.

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