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Assessing Sustainability of the Capital and Emerging Secondary Cities of Cambodia Based on the 2018 Commune Database

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  • Puthearath Chan

    (General Secretariat of the National Council for Sustainable Development, Phnom Penh 12301, Cambodia
    Office of Sustainable Lifestyle, Ministry of Environment, Phnom Penh 12301, Cambodia)

Abstract

The world is rapidly urbanizing which 68% of its population is expected to live in urban areas by 2050. Likewise, secondary cities of Cambodia are rapidly emerging while the capital is the largest city with a population of more than two million. Improving urban sustainability is, therefore, necessary for the world, as well as Cambodia. Thus, Cambodia has launched clean city standard indicators, proposed sectoral green city indicators, and adapted one target of global sustainable development goal 11 (UN SDG 11), to improve its urban quality and sustainability. However, using these indicators is not sufficient towards achieving urban sustainability because these indicators are limited in social and economic dimensions. Hence, this study aims to develop all dimensional indicators of sustainability based on all targets of UN SDG 11 with the above indicators. This study focused on the priorities of indicators in Cambodia verified and prioritized by Delphi and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) techniques. Then, a priority-based urban sustainability index for Cambodia was formed based on the concept of sustainability in developing countries. Finally, the standard scores were applied to comparatively assess the sustainability of capital and emerging secondary cities of Cambodia based on the 2018 Commune Database. Through this application, the study also sought to find out whether the priority weights of indicators are necessary for the comparative assessment. The results showed that the sustainability levels of Phnom Penh and Sihanoukville were found to be strong in all environmental, social, and economic dimensions. Battambang is also strong although economic sustainability is slightly lower than the average. Siem Reap is low in economic sustainability level while Poi Pet is remarkably low in environmental and social sustainability. Furthermore, the ranks of sustainability levels of the five cities based on weighted scores are different from their ranks based on unweighted scores. Therefore, this study confirms that priority weights of indicators are necessary for the comparative assessment towards improving the accuracy of the comparison.

Suggested Citation

  • Puthearath Chan, 2020. "Assessing Sustainability of the Capital and Emerging Secondary Cities of Cambodia Based on the 2018 Commune Database," Data, MDPI, vol. 5(3), pages 1-36, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jdataj:v:5:y:2020:i:3:p:79-:d:409887
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Cohen, Boyd & Winn, Monika I., 2007. "Market imperfections, opportunity and sustainable entrepreneurship," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 22(1), pages 29-49, January.
    2. Puthearath Chan & Myeong-Hun Lee, 2019. "Developing Sustainable City Indicators for Cambodia through Delphi Processes of Panel Surveys," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-32, June.
    3. Sabina Alkire, Maria Emma Santos, 2010. "Acute Multidimensional Poverty: A New Index for Developing Countries," OPHI Working Papers 38, Queen Elizabeth House, University of Oxford.
    4. Svatava Janoušková & Tomáš Hák & Bedřich Moldan, 2018. "Global SDGs Assessments: Helping or Confusing Indicators?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(5), pages 1-14, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Yichun Xie & Chao Liu & Shujuan Chang & Bin Jiang, 2022. "Urban Sustainability: Integrating Socioeconomic and Environmental Data for Multi-Objective Assessment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-21, July.
    2. Bing Xia & Suocheng Dong & Yu Li & Zehong Li & Dongqi Sun & Wenbiao Zhang & Wenlong Li, 2021. "Evolution Characters and Influencing Factors of Regional Eco-Efficiency in a Developing Country: Evidence from Mongolia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(20), pages 1-20, October.
    3. Priyanka Mitra & Rajib Shaw & Vibhas Sukhwani & Bijon Kumer Mitra & Md Abiar Rahman & Sameer Deshkar & Devesh Sharma, 2021. "Urban–Rural Partnership Framework to Enhance Food–Energy–Water Security in the Post-COVID-19 Era," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(23), pages 1-16, November.
    4. Puthearath Chan, 2022. "An Empirical Study on Data Validation Methods of Delphi and General Consensus," Data, MDPI, vol. 7(2), pages 1-16, January.
    5. Puthearath Chan & Kulakhmetova Gulbaram & Thorsten Schuetze, 2023. "Assessing Urban Sustainability and the Potential to Improve the Quality of Education and Gender Equality in Phnom Penh, Cambodia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-30, May.
    6. Puthearath Chan, 2021. "Child-Friendly Urban Development: Smile Village Community Development Initiative in Phnom Penh," World, MDPI, vol. 2(4), pages 1-16, November.

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