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Agronomic Biofortification Increases Concentrations of Zinc and Storage Proteins in Cowpea Grains

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  • Caroline Figueiredo Oliveira

    (Instituto Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Nova Andradina 79750-000, MS, Brazil
    Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Dourados 79825-070, MS, Brazil)

  • Matheus Gomes Silva

    (Instituto Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Nova Andradina 79750-000, MS, Brazil)

  • Gutierres Nelson Silva

    (Instituto Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Nova Andradina 79750-000, MS, Brazil)

  • Karina Renostro Ducatti

    (Instituto Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Nova Andradina 79750-000, MS, Brazil)

  • Maurisrael de Moura Rocha

    (Embrapa Meio-Norte, Teresina 64008-780, PI, Brazil)

  • André Rodrigues Reis

    (Departamento de Engenharia de Biosssitemas, São Paulo State University, Tupã 17602-496, SP, Brazil)

  • Flávio Henrique Silveira Rabêlo

    (Departamento de Ciência do Solo, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras 37203-202, MG, Brazil)

  • José Lavres

    (Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba 13416-000, SP, Brazil)

  • Elcio Ferreira Santos

    (Instituto Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Nova Andradina 79750-000, MS, Brazil)

Abstract

Zinc (Zn) is crucial for both plant metabolism and human nutrition, with its deficiency being a global health concern. Strategies to increase its availability in food, such as agronomic biofortification, have gained prominence. This study evaluated the impact of foliar spraying of Zn [at full bloom stage: 0 (control) and 600 g ha −1 , as ZnSO 4 ⋅7H 2 O] on the nutritional quality of cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) grains. Field experiments involving 20 cowpea genotypes were carried out over two seasons in a Typic Quartzipsamment under a no-tillage system. The photosynthetic responses of cowpea plants and the concentrations of Zn, amino acids, sucrose, total sugars, and storage proteins (glutelin, albumin, prolamin, and globulin) in grains were analyzed. All genotypes showed enrichment of Zn in grains in response to ZnSO 4 ⋅7H 2 O application compared to untreated plants. Foliar spraying of ZnSO 4 ⋅7H 2 O during initial grain filling was ideal for increasing Zn concentration in grains and improving plant physiological processes. Additionally, Zn fertilization led to higher concentrations of storage and total amino acids and proteins in the grains, supporting the rational application of Zn in cowpea production to improve the nutritional quality of grains and increase plant productivity.

Suggested Citation

  • Caroline Figueiredo Oliveira & Matheus Gomes Silva & Gutierres Nelson Silva & Karina Renostro Ducatti & Maurisrael de Moura Rocha & André Rodrigues Reis & Flávio Henrique Silveira Rabêlo & José Lavres, 2024. "Agronomic Biofortification Increases Concentrations of Zinc and Storage Proteins in Cowpea Grains," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-15, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:14:y:2024:i:6:p:911-:d:1411632
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Muhammad Umair Hassan & Muhammad Aamer & Muhammad Umer Chattha & Tang Haiying & Babar Shahzad & Lorenzo Barbanti & Muhammad Nawaz & Adnan Rasheed & Aniqa Afzal & Ying Liu & Huang Guoqin, 2020. "The Critical Role of Zinc in Plants Facing the Drought Stress," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-20, September.
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