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Nitrogen and Phosphorus Concentrations and Their Ratios as Indicators of Water Quality and Eutrophication of the Hydro-System Danube–Tisza–Danube

Author

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  • Radovan Savic

    (Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg D. Obradovica 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia)

  • Milica Stajic

    (Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg D. Obradovica 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia)

  • Boško Blagojević

    (Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg D. Obradovica 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia)

  • Atila Bezdan

    (Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg D. Obradovica 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia)

  • Milica Vranesevic

    (Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg D. Obradovica 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia)

  • Vesna Nikolić Jokanović

    (Faculty of Forestry, University of Belgrade, Kneza Viseslava 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia)

  • Aleksandar Baumgertel

    (Faculty of Forestry, University of Belgrade, Kneza Viseslava 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia)

  • Marina Bubalo Kovačić

    (Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetosimunska cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Jelena Horvatinec

    (Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetosimunska cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Gabrijel Ondrasek

    (Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetosimunska cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

Abstract

Conserving clean and safe freshwater is a global challenge, with nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) as frequent limiting factors affecting water quality due to eutrophication. This paper provides a critical overview of the spatiotemporal variability in both nutrient concentrations and their total mass ratio (TN:TP) in the canal network of the Hydro system Danube–Tisza–Danube at 21 measuring locations monitored by the Environmental Protection Agency of the Republic of Serbia over a length of almost 1000 km, collected once a month during the last decade. A spatiotemporal variation in nutrient concentrations in the tested surface water samples was confirmed by correlations and cluster analyses. The highest TN concentrations were found in winter and early spring (non-vegetation season), and the highest TP concentrations in the middle of the year (vegetation season). The TN:TP mass ratio as an indicator of the eutrophication pointed out N and P co-limitation (TN:TP 8–24) in 64% of samples, N limitation (TN:TP < 8) was detected in 27% and P limitation (TN:TP > 24) in the remaining 9% of water samples. Such observations indicate slow-flowing, lowland water courses exposed to the effects of non-point and point contamination sources as nutrient runoff from the surrounding farmlands and/or urban and industrial zones, but further investigation is needed for clarification. These results are an important starting point for reducing N and P runoff loads and controlling source pollution to improve water quality and underpin recovery from eutrophication in the studied watershed.

Suggested Citation

  • Radovan Savic & Milica Stajic & Boško Blagojević & Atila Bezdan & Milica Vranesevic & Vesna Nikolić Jokanović & Aleksandar Baumgertel & Marina Bubalo Kovačić & Jelena Horvatinec & Gabrijel Ondrasek, 2022. "Nitrogen and Phosphorus Concentrations and Their Ratios as Indicators of Water Quality and Eutrophication of the Hydro-System Danube–Tisza–Danube," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-17, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:12:y:2022:i:7:p:935-:d:850445
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    References listed on IDEAS

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