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Physicochemical Variables Better Explain Changes in Microbial Community Structure and Abundance under Alternate Wetting and Drying Events

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  • Abbas Ali Abid

    (Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
    College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China)

  • Xiang Zou

    (Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
    College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China)

  • Longda Gong

    (Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
    College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China)

  • Antonio Castellano-Hinojosa

    (Department of Soil and Water Sciences, Southwest Florida Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Immokalee, FL 34142, USA)

  • Muhammad Afzal

    (College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China)

  • Hongjie Di

    (Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
    College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China)

  • Qichun Zhang

    (Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
    College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China)

Abstract

Soil microbial communities play an important role in nutrient cycling; however, their response under repeated long-term fertilization has attracted little attention and needs further appraisal. A 14-day incubation study compared the relative abundance, diversity, and composition of bacterial and fungal microbial communities in soils treated with long-term applications of chemical fertilizer (CF), pig manure plus chemical fertilizer (PMCF), and rice straw plus chemical fertilizer (SRCF) in a paddy field. A high-throughput sequencing approach was applied to assess the diversity and composition of microbial community. Results revealed the Shannon index of the bacterial community decreased with fertilizer addition but increased in case of fungal community. The abundance of the Actinobacteria was higher in the PMCF, while Proteobacteria were higher in the CF and SRCF treatments than those in the unamended control under alternate wetting and drying (AWD) and permanent flooding (PF). In addition, chemical fertilizer history increased the abundance of Firmicutes under AWD. Initially, Nitrospira were found higher in the unamended control than in the amended treatments, but an increase was observed with time in fertilized treatments. Among all genera, Proteobacteria were the most abundant bacterial genus. The main properties that markedly affected the bacterial communities were SOC ( R 2 = 0.4037, p < 0.02), available P ( R 2 = 0.3273, p < 0.05), and NO 3 − ( R 2 = 0.3096, p < 0.08). Soil physicochemical factors and biogenic factors explained a variation of 46.27% and 29.35%, respectively. At the same time, 4.59% was the combined effect of physicochemical and biogenic factors. Our results suggested that the physicochemical properties had a more significant impact on bacterial activities than water regime by increasing N and organic matter concentrations in the soils.

Suggested Citation

  • Abbas Ali Abid & Xiang Zou & Longda Gong & Antonio Castellano-Hinojosa & Muhammad Afzal & Hongjie Di & Qichun Zhang, 2022. "Physicochemical Variables Better Explain Changes in Microbial Community Structure and Abundance under Alternate Wetting and Drying Events," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-13, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:12:y:2022:i:6:p:762-:d:825351
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Belder, P. & Bouman, B. A. M. & Cabangon, R. & Guoan, Lu & Quilang, E. J. P. & Yuanhua, Li & Spiertz, J. H. J. & Tuong, T. P., 2004. "Effect of water-saving irrigation on rice yield and water use in typical lowland conditions in Asia," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 65(3), pages 193-210, March.
    2. Karolina Furtak & Jarosław Grządziel & Anna Gałązka & Jacek Niedźwiecki, 2019. "Analysis of Soil Properties, Bacterial Community Composition, and Metabolic Diversity in Fluvisols of a Floodplain Area," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(14), pages 1-20, July.
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