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Relationship between Maize Seed Productivity in Mexico between 1983 and 2018 with the Adoption of Genetically Modified Maize and the Resilience of Local Races

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  • Alberto Santillán-Fernández

    (Catedrático-Conacyt, Colegio de Postgraduados Campus Campeche, Champotón, Campeche 24450, Mexico
    International Doctorate Program of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences of the Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, 27002 Lugo, Spain)

  • Yolanda Salinas-Moreno

    (Department of Genetic, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Campus Altos de Jalisco, Tepatitlán de Morelos, Jalisco 47600, Mexico)

  • José René Valdez-Lazalde

    (Department of Forestry, Colegio de Postgraduados Campus Montecillo, Texcoco, Estado de México 56230, Mexico)

  • Mauricio Antonio Carmona-Arellano

    (Department of Agricultural Sciences, Colegio de Postgraduados Campus Campeche, Champotón, Campeche 24450, Mexico)

  • Javier Enrique Vera-López

    (Department of Agricultural Sciences, Colegio de Postgraduados Campus Campeche, Champotón, Campeche 24450, Mexico)

  • Santiago Pereira-Lorenzo

    (Department of Plant Production and Engineering Projects, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela. Galicia, 27002 Lugo, Spain)

Abstract

Mexico depends on maize imports to satisfy its national demand. The use of native maize varieties among subsistence farmers can help to reduce the cereal’s imports. However, the agricultural policy in Mexico to improve the productivity per hectare has centered on the use of improved varieties; among them, the transgenic variety. In this study, the maize productivity in Mexico from 1983 to 2018 was analyzed to determine the influence of agricultural policies in the sector, and the factors that condition the adoption of transgenic maize. It was found that the agricultural policy improved the productivity of those regions with irrigation; however, for rainfed regions, the expected technological changes were not achieved because the ancestral tradition in cultivation, associated with the greater variety of native maize and to a larger indigenous population, was stronger. The adoption of transgenic maize also had low significance in the rainfed regions, since the increase in field yields is not economically profitable with regards to the increase in production costs. Therefore, the agricultural policy to increase productivity ought to be directed at the protection of subsistence farmers, revaluing the use of native varieties that have shown higher resilience to technological and environmental changes.

Suggested Citation

  • Alberto Santillán-Fernández & Yolanda Salinas-Moreno & José René Valdez-Lazalde & Mauricio Antonio Carmona-Arellano & Javier Enrique Vera-López & Santiago Pereira-Lorenzo, 2021. "Relationship between Maize Seed Productivity in Mexico between 1983 and 2018 with the Adoption of Genetically Modified Maize and the Resilience of Local Races," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-15, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:11:y:2021:i:8:p:737-:d:607393
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sergio Juárez-Hernández & Claudia Sheinbaum Pardo, 2020. "Assessing the potential of alternative farming practices for sustainable energy and water use and GHG mitigation in conventional maize systems," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 22(8), pages 8029-8059, December.
    2. Khondoker Abdul Mottaleb & Alexander Loladze & Kai Sonder & Gideon Kruseman & Felix San Vicente, 2019. "Threats of Tar Spot Complex disease of maize in the United States of America and its global consequences," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 24(2), pages 281-300, February.
    3. Alberto Santillán-Fernández & Yolanda Salinas-Moreno & José René Valdez-Lazalde & Santiago Pereira-Lorenzo, 2021. "Spatial-Temporal Evolution of Scientific Production about Genetically Modified Maize," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-14, March.
    4. Wallace E. Huffman & Yu Jin & Zheng Xu, 2018. "The economic impacts of technology and climate change: New evidence from U.S. corn yields," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 49(4), pages 463-479, July.
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