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Trade-Off between Root Efficiency and Root Size Is Associated with Yield Performance of Soybean under Different Water and Phosphorus Levels

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  • Jin He

    (The Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China)

  • Yi Jin

    (State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Institute of Arid Agroecology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China)

  • Kadambot H. M. Siddique

    (The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia)

  • Feng-Min Li

    (State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Institute of Arid Agroecology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China)

Abstract

(1) Background: Root traits play important roles in acclimating to water and phosphorus (P) shortages. However, the relative importance of root size and efficiency under these conditions is unknown. (2) Methods: This study investigated the role of root size and efficiency in acclimating to water- and P-limited environments. Three soybean genotypes with contrasting root sizes were grown in tall cylindrical pots to compare grain yield, root density, and water- and nutrient-uptake efficiencies under two water (well-watered and water-stressed) and three P levels (0 (P0), 60 (P60), and 120 (P120) mg P kg −1 dry soil). (3) Results: Water or P deficit, and combined water and P deficit significantly decreased grain yield, which was associated with greater P uptake per unit root dry weight (DW) under water stress. The genotype Zhonghuang 30 (ZH) with the greatest water, nitrogen, and P uptakes per unit root DW had the highest grain yield at P60 and P120 under water stress and P0 under well-watered conditions, but ZH had the lowest grain yield at P60 and P120 under well-watered conditions, due to its small root size. (4) Conclusions: High root efficiency—which was correlated with high root density—improved grain yield under P- and water-limited conditions, but restricted yield potential when P and water were not limited.

Suggested Citation

  • Jin He & Yi Jin & Kadambot H. M. Siddique & Feng-Min Li, 2021. "Trade-Off between Root Efficiency and Root Size Is Associated with Yield Performance of Soybean under Different Water and Phosphorus Levels," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-11, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:11:y:2021:i:6:p:481-:d:560812
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. He, Jin & Du, Yan-Lei & Wang, Tao & Turner, Neil C. & Yang, Ru-Ping & Jin, Yi & Xi, Yue & Zhang, Cong & Cui, Ting & Fang, Xiang-Wen & Li, Feng-Min, 2017. "Conserved water use improves the yield performance of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) under drought," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 236-245.
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    Cited by:

    1. Yi Jin & Jin He & Yonghe Zhu & Kadambot H. M. Siddique, 2022. "Nodule Formation and Nitrogen Use Efficiency Are Important for Soybean to Adapt to Water and P Deficit Conditions," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-11, August.
    2. Mei Chen & Xin Luo & Long Jiang & Rui Dong & K.H.M. Siddique & Jin He, 2023. "Legume crops use a phosphorus-mobilising strategy to adapt to low plant-available phosphorus in acidic soil in southwest China," Plant, Soil and Environment, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 69(10), pages 471-479.

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