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Biochar Grafted on CMC-Terpolymer by Green Microwave Route for Sustainable Agriculture

Author

Listed:
  • Shimaa M. Elsaeed

    (Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, P.O. Box 11727, Cairo, Egypt)

  • E. G. Zaki

    (Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, P.O. Box 11727, Cairo, Egypt)

  • Tarek M. Ibrahim

    (Soil, Water and Environment Research Institute, ARC, P.O. Box 12411, Giza, Egypt)

  • Nasser Ibrahim Talha

    (Soil, Water and Environment Research Institute, ARC, P.O. Box 12411, Giza, Egypt)

  • Hosam A. Saad

    (Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia)

  • Adil A. Gobouri

    (Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia)

  • Amr Elkelish

    (Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University Ismailia, Ismailia 41522, Egypt)

  • Salah Mohamed el-kousy

    (Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Menofiya University, P.O. Box 32513, Shebine El-kom, Egypt)

Abstract

The deficiency of water sources and the environmental disposal of large amounts of biomass waste (orange peels) produces economic and environmental problems, though its conversion into biochar by a pyrolysis procedure might be used to improve soil productivity. In the current study, we investigated the performance of superabsorbent biochar composite grafted on CMC as a low-cost, alternative, and biodegradable terpolymer composite (IPNCB) for soil water retention capacity. The IPNCB composite was synthesized by both microwave and conventional routes. The optimal reaction parameters proved that the microwave route has a high grafting percentage (%G) and short reaction time compared to the conventional route. The superabsorbent composite was characterized using different methods: FTIR, TGA, and SEM. The results show that the equilibrium water swelling (EW) of the IPNCB composite was improved at a 2% biochar concentration. The incorporation of biochar (BC) into the polymer network improved the water holding capacity (WHC) to 57.6% and water retention (WR) to 9.1% after 30 days. The degradation test indicates the IPNCB composite has a good degradability rate. Mixing soil with the prepared IPNCB composite can improve plant growth and reduce water consumption through the irrigation of arid lands. The IPNCB composite is a candidate in sustainable agriculture applications.

Suggested Citation

  • Shimaa M. Elsaeed & E. G. Zaki & Tarek M. Ibrahim & Nasser Ibrahim Talha & Hosam A. Saad & Adil A. Gobouri & Amr Elkelish & Salah Mohamed el-kousy, 2021. "Biochar Grafted on CMC-Terpolymer by Green Microwave Route for Sustainable Agriculture," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-16, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:11:y:2021:i:4:p:350-:d:536258
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wang, Tengfei & Zhai, Yunbo & Zhu, Yun & Li, Caiting & Zeng, Guangming, 2018. "A review of the hydrothermal carbonization of biomass waste for hydrochar formation: Process conditions, fundamentals, and physicochemical properties," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 223-247.
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